外来植物一年蓬对雾灵山生物多样性的影响  

Influence of Alien Invasive Specie Erigeron annuus on Biodiversity in Region of Wuling Mountain

作　　者：刘婷婷[1] 张洪军[2] 王晓磊[2] 吴琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872 [2]中国农业大学生物地理学、生态系统响应与系统生态学课题组,北京100193

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期365-370,共6页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：农业行业科研专项计划子课题“恶性外来入侵植物防控与利用技术研究与示范项目”(200803021)资助

摘　　要：通过样带样方法,调查了雾灵山外来入侵植物一年蓬(Erigeron annuus(L.)Pers.)在不同生境中的分布和空间格局。主成分分析表明:影响一年蓬样方内杂草分布的两个主要因素是光照和人为干扰,贡献率分别为28.84%和23.95%。经聚类分析,将不同聚类型的Simpson优势度、Shannon-Wiener多样性和Pielou均匀度指数进行比较,验证了一年蓬适合生长于人为干扰较强的干旱环境。物种多样性随着一年蓬重要值(>0.74)的增加而减小(y=-0.1799x2+0.2678x+0.7651),相关性显著(R2=0.9209)。研究表明一年蓬对群落内物种多样性存在不利影响。研究结果有助于当地管理部门对外来入侵杂草实施防控、监测与综合治理。A survey was conducted with the belt-sample method on distributions of weeds in various habitats where alien plants grow. Through the use of Principal Component Analysis （PCA） , the authors find that light condition and human disturbance are key factors for wild weeds distribution in samples of Herb of Annual Fleabane, which take up 28.84% and 23.95%. By using Cluster Analysis and then comparing index of Simpson, Shannon-Wiener and Pielou, the results are verified that Erigeron annuus adapts to grow in quite drought environment with human intensive disturbance. The analysis of relationship between the importance value of this alien specie and the species richness of samples shows that the latter increases firstly and then decreases with the rise of the former, according with y = - 0. 1799x^2 ＋ 0. 2678x ＋ 0. 7651 （ R^2 = 0. 9209） , demonstrating a significant correlation between them, which suggests that the invasion of Erigeron annuus is harmful to species diversity. The results contribute to the prevention and control of alien invasive weeds.

关 键 词：生物入侵 空间格局 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]