灾难救助者替代性创伤与社会支持的相关研究  

Correlation Research between the Vicarious Traumatization and Social Support of Disaster Rescuers

作　　者：李丽娜[1] 王怡[1] 崔建强 程淑英[1] 吴玲玲[1] 陈晓美[1] 崔向军[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北煤炭医学院心理学系,中国唐山063000 [2]山东省东营市汀罗镇中学

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2010年第5期543-545,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：2008年唐山市临床医学研究计划项目。项目编号:08130230C

摘　　要：目的了解灾难救助者替代性创伤状况与社会支持之间的相关程度。方法用灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷和社会支持评定量表对205名赴川灾难救助者进行问卷调查。结果 1已婚救助者替代性创伤中的情绪反应因子得分显著低于未婚救助者(t=-2.025,P<0.05);接受培训的救助者与未接受培训的救助者相比,前者替代性创伤中的认知反应(t=-3.521,P<0.01)、生理反应因子得分(t=-2.543,P<0.05)和总分(t=-2.287,P<0.05)均显著低于后者;经历短时间救援工作的救助者与经历长时间工作的救助者相比,前者替代性创伤中的认知反应(t=3.687,P<0.001)、生理反应因子得分(t=2.104,P<0.05)和总分(t=2.674,P<0.01)均显著高于后者;2灾难救助者替代性创伤中的行为反应(P<0.05)、认知反应(P<0.01)和总分(P<0.01)分别与主观支持和社会支持总分呈显著的负相关,情绪反应与社会支持总分也呈显著的负相关(P<0.05)。结论救助者的替代性创伤状况,已婚救助者轻于未婚救助者,接受培训的轻于未接受培训的,经历长时间工作的轻于经历时间短的。社会支持状况越好的救助者,其所受的替代性创伤的程度越轻。Objective To explore the state of the vicarious traumatization and social support of disaster rescuers and their rela- tionship. Methods A total of 205 rescuers of the Sichuan earthquake were measured with Vicarious Traumatization Scale and So- cial Support Scale （SSS）. The data were processed by t-test and correlation analysis. Results ①The score of emotional reaction of vicarious traumatization in married rescuers was significantly lower （t=-2. 025,P〈0. 05） than that of the unmarried rescuers＇. Comparing the trained rescuers to the untrained rescuers, the scores of cognitive reaction （t=3. 521 ,P〈0. 001） ,physiological reaction（t=-2. 543,P〈0. 05） and the total score （t=-2. 287,P〈0. 01） of vicarious traumatization in the former were significantly lower than the latter. Comparing the rescuers experienced shorter time to who experienced longer, the scores of cognitive reaction （t=3. 687,P〈0. 001）, physiological reaction（t=2. 104,P〈0.05） and the total score（t=2. 674,P〈0.01） of vicarious traumati- zation were significantly higher than the latter. ②There were significant negative correlation between behavioral reaction （P〈0. 05） ,cognitive reaction（P〈0.01） and the total score（P〈0. 01） of vicarious traumatization to the subjective support and the total score of social support and the same as the emotional reaction score（P〈0.05） to the total score of social support. Conclusion To the state of the vicarious traumatization in disaster rescuers, the married is less slightly than the unmarried, the trained is less slightly than the untrained and the rescuers who have experienced longer time work is less slightly than who have experienced shorter time work. The better the social support of the rescuers, the less vicarious traumatization they have.

关 键 词：灾难救助者 替代性创伤 社会支持 相关研究 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]