类芦根际溶磷真菌的筛选、鉴定及其溶磷能力分析  

Screening,Identification,and Capability Assessment of a Phosphorus Solubilizing Fungus in Rhizosphere of Burma Reed

作　　者：冯宏[1] 李永涛[1] 张志红[1] 韦翔华[2] 郭彦彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2010年第5期677-681,共5页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40801099;40901129)

摘　　要：为揭示类芦(Neyraudia reynaudiana)等水土保持植物的耐低磷机制,开发溶磷菌种质资源,提高赤红壤磷素利用率,从类芦根际土壤中筛选到一株溶磷能力较强的真菌FP1,经形态学和ITS序列分析,鉴定为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)。3种难溶性磷酸盐液体培养基接种菌株FP1后,其pH值和溶磷量的动态变化显示,培养液的pH值均呈显著下降趋势。溶磷量与培养时间有关,除磷酸三钙外,菌株FP1对其他难溶性磷酸盐的溶磷趋势均为先上升再下降并趋于稳定。菌株FP1对不同磷源的最大溶磷率顺序为:磷酸铝(92.02%)>磷酸三钙(41.62%)>3种磷酸盐的混合物(35.86%)>磷酸铁(19.20%)。FP1对磷酸铝和磷酸铁都具有较强的溶磷能力,表明抗逆性强的水土保持植物类芦根际土壤蕴藏着高效的溶磷微生物资源。To reveal mechanism of soil and water conservation plant such as Burma Reed （Neyraudia reynaudiana） tolerant of low phosphorus, explore germplasm of solubilizing phosphorus and improve use efficiency of phosphorus in latosolic red soil, a solubilizing phosphate fungus FP1 was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Burma reed and identified as Aspergillus niger according to morphological characteristics and ITS rDNA sequences. The dynamic variation of solubilizing phosphate capability and pH of in the liquid medium with three kinds of inorganic phosphate indicated that the pH of the liquid medium decreased significantly after inoculated FP1 and the solubilizing phosphate capability was related with culturing time. Except for Ca3（PO4）2, solubilizing phosphate capability of FP1 rose first, then fell, and became stable in the end. The maximum phosphate solubilizing efficiencies were ordered as follows： AlPO4 （92.02%） Ca3（PO4）2 （41.62%） mixture of these three insoluble phosphates （35.86%） FePO4·4H2O （19.20%）. The fungus FP1 was high efficient on solubilizing AlPO4 and FePO4·4H2O. It is indicated that microorganisms with high efficient solubilizing phosphorus exists in soil and water conservation plant rhizosphere.

关 键 词：溶磷真菌 水土保持植物 耐低磷 赤红壤 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]