四倍体野生棉毛棉体细胞胚胎发生与植株再生研究  

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Wild Cotton Species of G.tomentosum

作　　者：张巧[1] 汪静儿[1] 叶春丽[1] 燕树峰[1] 陈进红[1] 洪彩霞[1] 祝水金[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州310029

出　　处：《棉花学报》2010年第3期217-223,共7页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家973计划项目(2004CB117305);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(3-19);国家自然科学基金(30671325;30700511)

摘　　要：通过对培养基激素配比,以及不同浓度的PEG、CuSO4和AgNO3等处理,对棉属四倍体野生棉种毛棉(G.tomentosum Nutt.&Watt)进行了体细胞培养,获得了大量体细胞胚状体并实现植株再生。与四倍体陆地棉(G.hirsutum,cv.Coker 201)相比,毛棉体细胞培养难度较大,且体细胞胚畸形严重,萌发困难,但通过培养条件的调控可以得到大量胚状体和少量再生植株。试验结果表明,激素组合0.1 mg.L-1 KT+0.1 mg.L-1 2,4-D诱导的愈伤组织较松脆,分化潜力高;PEG处理不利于毛棉的胚性和非胚性愈伤的诱导,而不同浓度的CuSO4和AgNO3处理对于体细胞胚状体诱导和萌发以及植株再生效果有明显差异。其中3.5 mg.L-1 CuSO4+0.5 mg.L-1IBA+0.2 mg.L-1 KT和3 mg.L-1 AgNO3+0.5 mg.L-1 IBA+0.2 mg.L-1 KT组合利于胚性愈伤的增殖和体细胞胚的萌发。The wild cotton species of G.tomentosum has some outstanding characters such as the higher resistance to pests and tolerance to drought.However,the upland cotton germplasm with the trait has not been obtained through sexual hybridization between G.hirsutum and G.tomentosum due to the distant relationship between the wild species and upland cotton.Protoplast fu-sion technique which depends on the success in the somatic culture of two different species can avoid sexual incompatibility.The callus inducing and somatic embryo germination of G.tomentosum were studied through the regulation of culture conditions such as plant growth regulators（PGRs）,PEG,CuSO4and AgNO3.The results indicated that under the same condition the frequency of somatic embryo germination and the plant regeneration ability of G.tomentosum were lower and the plant regeneration was more difficult than Coker 201.But through the regulation of culture conditions,we can get many embryoids and few of them converted to plantlets.The callus of G.tomentosum induced in the medium with the hormone combination of 0.1 mg.L-1 KT ＋ 0.1 mg.L-1 2,4-D held good for cell differentiation,and it was better for proliferation of the embryogenic callus in the medium with 0.5 mg.L-1 IBA ＋ 0.2 mg.L-1 KT.The medium supplied with PEG was not helpful for initiation of somatic embryos.But the medium of MSB5 with 3.5 mg.L-1 CuSO4＋0.5 mg.L-1 IBA ＋ 0.2 mg.L-1 KT,or 3 mg.L-1 AgNO3＋0.5 mg.L-1 IBA＋ 0.2 mg.L-1 KT were good for the proliferation of embryogenic callus and germination of somatic embryo.This report provides an useful technique for somatic culture of the wild cotton species,and also ensures the protoplast fusion feasibly between these wild cotton species and other cotton species to centralize several good traits into a new germplasm.However,it is needed to study further about the various culture factors and conditions for building a quick and high efficient regeneration technique of G.tomentosum.

关 键 词：毛棉 体细胞胚胎发生 硫酸铜 硝酸银 PEG 

分 类 号：S562.035.3[农业科学—作物学]