堆肥反应器中表面活性剂APG对牛粪堆肥酶活性的影响  

Enzyme activity as affected by surfactant APG in dairy manure compost in bioreactor

作　　者：顾文杰[1] 张发宝[1] 徐培智[1] 解开治[1] 唐拴虎[1] 陈建生[1] 杨少海[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2010年第3期637-642,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14);广东省教育部省部产学研合作项目(2007B090400101);广东省农业科技计划项目(2006A20302001)资助

摘　　要：利用堆肥反应器严格控制堆肥条件,以牛粪为主要原料进行好氧堆肥,在堆肥过程中加入表面活性剂烷基多糖苷(APG),研究其对堆肥中微生物数量以及酶活性变化的影响。结果表明:在好氧堆肥中添加表面活性剂APG对堆肥中的微生物无显著抑制作用,微生物数量无显著变化(P>0.05);但可以促进堆肥升温,延长高温期。加入APG对堆肥中的过氧化氢酶活性几乎无影响,最终APG处理和CK处理的酶活性值均达到1.17mmol·g-1左右;加入APG后脲酶活性略有提高,第2dAPG处理和CK处理的脲酶活性均达到峰值,分别为32.15mg(NH3-N)·g-1·24h-1和30.17mg(NH3-N)·g-1·24h-1,差异不显著(P>0.05),第7d达到最低值,分别为0.81mg(NH3-N)·g-1·24h-1和0.38mg(NH3-N)·g-1·24h-1,差异显著(P<0.05);APG处理对转化酶和纤维素酶活性均有明显的提高作用,其中转化酶在第3d加APG处理和CK处理峰值分别为18.15mg(葡萄糖)·g-1·24h-1和11.77mg(葡萄糖)·g-1·24h-1,第21d两处理峰值分别为24.09mg(葡萄糖)·g-1·24h-1和20.71mg(葡萄糖)·g-1·24h-1,差异显著(P<0.05);纤维素酶在第3d加APG处理和CK处理峰值分别为58.77μg·min-1和30.62μg·min-1,差异显著(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明,添加表面活性剂APG可以提高堆肥中转化酶和纤维素酶活性,促进堆肥中有机物质的转化,一定程度上加快好氧堆肥进程。Using compost bioreactors with dairy manure and mushroom residues as feed-stocks,we studied microbial population and enzyme activity as affected by surfactant APG in a 28-day composting process under controlled aerobic condition.APG was added at rate of 100 mg·kg-1 （amended treatment on dry-weight basis） with 0.00 APG （non-amended treatment） as CK.Results show that APG addition does not inhibit microbial population in terms of total bacteria,fungi and actinomycete （P0.05）.APG addition accelerates temperature increase,with prolonged periods of high temperatures.It,however,does not affect catalase activity at approximately 1.17 mmol·g-1 for both treatments after 28 days of composting.Urease activity under APG addition and CK reaches its peaks of respectively 32.15 mg（NH3-N）·g-1·24h-1 and 30.17 mg（NH3-N）·g-1·24h-1 after 2 days.There is no significant difference between the 2 treatments and both treatments respectively hit the lowests of 0.81 mg（NH3-N）·g-1·24h-1 and 0.38 mg（NH3-N）·g-1·24h-1 on the 7th day.APG addition significantly enhances invertase and cellulase activity.Invertase activity peaks on day 3 at 18.15 mg（glucose）·g-1·24h-1 for APG treatment and 11.77 mg（glucose）·g-1·24h-1 for CK （P0.05）,and on day 21 at 24.09 mg（glucose）·g-1·24h-1 and 20.71 mg（glucose）·g-1·24h-1 for CK respectively （P0.05）.Cellulase activity reaches its peaks of 58.77 μg·min-1 for APG treatment and 30.62 μg·min-1 for CK （P0.05） on day 3.The above results suggest that APG addition enhances organic matter decomposition and therefore potentially shortens decomposition time.

关 键 词：牛粪 好氧堆肥 表面活性剂 APG 微生物 酶活性 堆肥反应器 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]