耕作方式与覆盖物对稻田玉米产量和土壤温度的影响  

Effect of Tillage and Mulch on Maize Yield and Soil Temperature in Paddy Field

作　　者：郑华斌[1] 唐启源[1] 陈立军[1] 雷恩[1] 李迪秦[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2010年第3期338-342,共5页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划共性项目(编号:2006BAD02A13-3-4)

摘　　要：为了明确耕作方式与覆盖物对稻田玉米产量及土壤温度的影响,本文于2008年在湖南省醴陵市白兔潭镇的双季稻田对春、秋玉米进行了耕作方式与覆盖物的裂区试验,以免耕裸地和翻耕裸地为对照,测定分析了土壤温度和玉米生长及产量的差异。结果表明:免耕相对于翻耕更有利于提高土壤温度,春玉米0cm-25cm土壤温度免耕高于翻耕0.1℃-0.2℃;秋玉米季免耕比翻耕高0.5℃-1.5℃,产量间没有达到显著差异。稻草覆盖处理表现为明显的降温和稳温效果,有利于秋玉米的生长发育,增加产量。地膜覆盖对土壤温度有明显的增温效果,有利于春玉米的提前早播,促进早发和早期的叶面积伸展和干物质积累,为高产打下基础。In order to reveal the effect of tillage and mulch on the soil temperature, plant growth and development, and yield of maize in paddy field, field split-plot experiments for spring maize and autumn maize were carded out with tillage as the main plot and mulch as the subplot in Baitu town, Liling county of Hunan Province in 2008. The results showed as followings： no-tillage is benefit for increase soil temperature than conventional tillage, 0cm-25cm soil temperature increased by 0.1 ℃-0.2℃, 0.5℃-1.5℃ on no-tillage than conventional tillage in spring and autumn maize, respectively. No significant statistics was observed for yields. It is clear cooling and stable temperature on straw mulching, which benefit with maize growth and development, and increase yield. Obvious soil temperature risen was observed under plastic mulching, which in favor of ahead seeding in spring maize, further growth and the extend of leaf area in early period and the accumulation of dry matter. It is basic to gain high yield.

关 键 词：产量 免耕 翻耕 地膜覆盖 稻草覆盖 土壤温度 

分 类 号：S344[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S513[农业科学—农艺学]