长沙市秋季TSP中重金属形态分布和污染评价  

The Speciation and Pollution Evaluation of Heavy Metals in TSP of Changsha in Autumn

作　　者：翟云波[1] 陈琳[1] 杨芳[1] 何益得[1] 彭文锋[1] 付宗敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期78-82,共5页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(06JJ4118);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878080);湖南省科技计划项目([2008]GK3118)

摘　　要：对长沙市师大附中、雨花区和火车站3个采样点秋季的大气颗粒物(TSP)浓度以及颗粒物中的重金属元素Cu,Zn,Pb和Cd的浓度和形态分布进行了研究分析,并对重金属元素的生物有效性进行了评价.结果表明,不同区域TSP浓度分布差别较大,其中雨花区最高,师大附中最低;TSP中重金属污染广泛存在,元素Zn,Pb浓度比Cu和Cd浓度要高,其中Zn的平均浓度为2.528μg.m-3,Pb为2.347μg.m-3,Cu为0.187μg.m-3,Cd为0.002μg.m-3.Tessier化学形态分析结果显示:Cu在前四态中含量非常高,特别是可交换态和碳酸盐态.Zn,Pb和Cd在前4态中分布也较多,表明4种金属元素迁移性高.生物有效性评价结果显示TSP中重金属生物可利用性强,Cu和Cd的生物有效性要高于Zn和Pb.Samples of TSP were collected in the center area of Changsha City in autumn in order to study the concentration of TSP and the speciation of Cu,Zn,Pb,and Cd in atmospheric particles,also the pollution level and bioavailability of these metals were evaluated.The results showed that the concentrations of TSP in different sampling sites were obviously different and heavy metals pollution had extensively existence.The concentrations of Zn,Pb were larger than those of Cu and Cd,with the average concentration of Zn being 2.528 μg·m-3,Pb 2.347 μg·m-3,Cu 0.187 μg·m-3 and Cd 0.002 μg·m-3.According to the results of Tessier chemical speciation analysis,Cu had a very high concentration in the first four speciations,especially in the exchangeable state and carbonate state.Also Zn,Pb,and Cd had the similar distribution,which indicates the four metals have high mobility and bioavailability.The order of comparative mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals is： CuCdZnPb.

关 键 词：总悬浮颗粒物 重金属形态 生物有效性 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]