长庆油田高矿化度采出水生化处理可行性研究  

Feasibility Study on High Salinity Produced Water Treatment by Microorganisms in Changqing Oilfields

作　　者：谢珍[1] 曹建坤[1] 向忠远[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《油田化学》2010年第1期38-42,共5页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：长庆油田采出水含油量高,隔油除油—混凝沉降—过滤三段式处理效果差,水处理剂耗量大,处理费用高。为此筛选培养了对原油有较强降解作用的好氧菌CY21-21。在实验室生化处理流动实验装置上,在室温下用该菌处理含油81.08～507.45mg/L的长庆7个站点采出水,平均除油率94.45%,处理后水含油小于10mg/L;18～40℃除油效果相同。在长庆新5站现场,使用日处理量80m3的撬装式污水生化处理装置,在生化池和沉淀池停留时间均为6小时、处理温度15～30℃条件下,用该菌处理含油量变化很大(21.43～1004.8mg/L)的采油污水,除油率在82.67%～96.31%范围(平均值88.60%),出口含油量在3.81～18.10mg/L范围。CY21-21菌处理后的污水,矿化离子组成无变化,室内及现场挂片测试结果表明生化处理水腐蚀性大幅减小。生化处理不影响污水中有害菌SRB、TGB的生长繁殖。长庆油田高矿化度高含油采出水用CY21-21菌进行回注处理是可行的。In Changqing oil fields the produced waters were of high oil content and the standard three-stage produced water treatment deoiling-coagulation/sedimentation-filtration was less effective,high cost and consumed lots of water-treating agents. To solve this problem,crude oil degrading aerobic bacteria CY21-21 were screened and cultivated. On a laboratory biochemical continuous water treating installation,the Changqing produced waters of oil content 81.08—507.45 mg/L taken from 7 gathering/treating plants were treated by bacteria CY21-21 at room temperature to create purified waters of oil content 〈10 mg/L with a deoiling rate being of 94.45% in average and the deoiling efficiency was similar at temperatures 18—40℃. On gathering/treating plant Xn-5 a skid-mounted biochemical produced water treating installation of daily output 80 m^3 was put into field use and the produced water of oil content varying in wide range 21.43—1004.8 mg/L was treated continuously on the installation under conditions of residence time in biochemical reactor 6 hrs and in settler 6 hrs at temperatures 15—30℃ and as a result a deoiling rate in range 82.87%—96.31% and in average 88.60% was observed and the oil content in the purified water was in range 3.81—18.10 mg/L. The chemical composition was not changed and the growth of harmful bacteria SRB and TGB was not affected in the biochemically treated produced waters and their corrosivity was reduced significantly. It was concluded that the biochemical treatment using bacteria CY21-21 should be feasible and practical for recycled high salinity and high oil content produced waters.

关 键 词：油田采出水 除油 生化处理 原油降解菌 腐蚀控制 撬装式水处理装置 回注污水 长庆油田 

分 类 号：TE357.61[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]