石羊河流域玉米红蜘蛛发生的气象条件分析  

Analysis on the Red Spider-prone Weather Conditions in Shiyang River Basin

作　　者：马兴祥[1,2] 李万希 兰晓波 刘惠兰 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室,兰州730020 [2]甘肃省武威荒漠生态与农业气象试验站,武威733000 [3]甘肃省武威市气象局,武威733000

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2010年第2期320-323,共4页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：科技部公益研究项目"西北地区旱作农业对气候变暖的响应特征及其预警和应对技术研究"(GYHY200806021-01);甘肃省气象局科技项目(K2007-9)

摘　　要：为掌握气象条件影响玉米红蜘蛛生消的变化规律,减轻红蜘蛛对玉米的危害,用石羊河流域1991-2007年红蜘蛛发生实况资料分析了当地玉米红蜘蛛发生、发展、危害农作物关键时段的气象条件。用统计学方法分析得出,危害高峰期出现时间与秋季平均气温升高有关,秋季平均气温每年以0.2℃的速率升高,超过红蜘蛛适宜生长温度的日数增加,红蜘蛛危害玉米高峰期出现日期有推后的倾向。普查红蜘蛛越冬虫量、始见期、株受害率、危害高峰期、产量损失与对应年份旬、月及跨年临近旬、月气温、地温、空气相对湿度、蒸发量、降水、日照时数的相关关系,选择生物学意义明确、与玉米红蜘蛛发生相关显著的,且有一定提前量的气象因子建立了预测模型,具有一定的生产应用价值。In order to grasp the change regularity of meteorological conditions under which the corn spider mite is prone to happen and dissipate,and to effectively mitigate the red spider corn hazards,the influence of meteorological condition on red spider-hit time,degree and key time to yield were analyzed based on the observation data of red spider and meteorological data from 1991 to 2007. Statistical analysis showed that there was relationship between the spider＇s harming fastigium and mean temperature in autumn. Mean temperature had increased rate 0.2 ℃ per year in Autumn,surpassing the date of suitable growing temperature for red spiders and,the peak of spider mite＇s attack against maize were tending be later. The number of overwinter spider mites,first appearing period,harming fastigium,injury ration of plant and loss of yield were investigated and relationship between these factors and meteorological factors such as mean temperature of ten-days,month air temperature,the ground temperature,relative humidity,transpiration,precipitation,sunshine duration were assessed. The model for forecasting the red spider＇ action had been set up,which could be applied into practical production.

关 键 词：红蜘蛛 危害 玉米 气象条件 

分 类 号：S435.13[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]