哈尔滨市高空气候变暖变化分析  

Analysis on Changes of Upper-air Climate Warming in Harbin

作　　者：张金峰[1] 张丽娟[1] 李文亮[1] 郑红[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 [2]黑龙江省气候中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《灾害学》2010年第2期41-44,共4页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GC06C10302S8);哈尔滨市科技创新项目(2007RFXXS029)

摘　　要：依据哈尔滨市1970-2005年的探空资料,采用线性模拟、相关和回归等分析方法,对哈尔滨市35年来地面及高空气候的变化进行分析和预测。研究结果认为:①哈尔滨市对流层中下层、平流层下层气候变化明显,对流层中下层气候变暖变湿,且对流层下层经向风速变小,年平均风速也变小,其中值得关注的是温度升高可延伸到400hPa,比湿增加也从地面延伸到400hPa;②建立了二氧化碳与水汽之间的关系方程,二氧化碳增加,水汽含量也随之增加,二氧化碳每增加一个单位,水汽就增加0.011g/kg;③各层次温度与比湿存在线性关系,水汽对各层次温度所起到的增加作用,随高度的增加增温效果越明显。According to sounding data （1970～2005） in Harbin,the ground and upper-air climate changes of the city in 35 years （1970~2005） are analyzed and predicted by using the methods of linear simulation,correlation and regression.The results are as follows：（1） Climate change is obvious in the middle and lower troposphere and the lower stratosphere.It becomes warmer and wetter in the middle and lower troposphere and the meridional wind becomes weaker in the lower troposphere.The annual mean wind speed also decreases.The temperature increase can extend to 400 hPa,and specific humidity extends to 400 hPa.（2） Quantitative equation between the carbon dioxide and water vapor is established.Water vapor increases with the increase of carbon dioxide.The carbon dioxide increase one unit as the water vapor increase 0.011 g/kg.（3） There exist a linear relation between temperatures of different levels and specific humidity.The water vapor is of a warming effect with increase of altitude.

关 键 词：高空气候 变暖趋势 哈尔滨 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]