三峡库区消落带土壤中施用磷肥对环境激素铅吸附-解吸的影响  

Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer on Environmental Hormone Pb Adsorption-Desorption in Soil of the Water-Level-Fluctuating Region of Three Gorges Reservoir,China

作　　者：方卢秋[1] 田足[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江师范学院化学化工学院,重庆涪陵408100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第5期923-929,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJ071304)

摘　　要：采用室内模拟施肥、恒温振荡平衡法研究了磷肥种类、磷肥浓度、铅离子浓度、离子强度和酸度影响三峡库区消落带土壤对铅离子的吸附量和解吸量。结果表明:(1)磷肥种类与铅离子的吸附量和解吸量显著相关,施用Ca(H2PO4)2使铅离子的吸附量和解吸量相对较小;(2)土壤铅离子的吸附量和解吸量与施用磷肥浓度呈显著相关,建议选用磷酸二氢钙、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸二氢钾3种磷肥,施用量在3.4066～8.5164kg P2O5·666.6m-2之间较为合适;(3)铅离子浓度极显著地影响土壤吸附和解吸铅离子,随着铅离子浓度的增加,吸附量和解吸量都呈逐渐增加的趋势;(4)离子强度和酸度都极显著地影响土壤吸附和解吸铅离子,建议选用磷酸二氢钙盐、钾盐和铵盐作为磷肥,可以减小土壤铅离子的环境风险。The type of phosphate fertilizer,concentration of phosphate fertilizer,concentration of Pb ion,ionic strength,acidity on soil＇s Pb ion adsorption capacity and desorption capacity in water-level-fluctuating of Three-Gorge reservoir region were investigated by using constant temperature oscillation balance and simulation of indoor fertilization method.The results were as following：（1）The type of phosphate fertilizer had a significant related to adsorption capacity and desorption capacity of Pb ion,application of Ca（H2PO4）2 made Pb ion＇s adsorption capacity and desorption capacity relatively small（.2）Pb ion＇s adsorption capacity and desorption capacity had a close relation with phosphate fertilizer＇s concentration.Selecting three kinds of phosphate fertilizer Ca（H2PO4）2,NH4H2PO4,KH2PO4 was adviced.3.406 6～8.516 4 kg P2O5·666.6 m-2 as the best fertilization capacity of phosphate fertilizer was more appropriate（.3）Soil adsorption and desorption Pb ion had a close relation with Pb ion＇s concentration.With increasing of Pb ion＇s concentration,adsorption capacity and desorption capacity assumed an uptrend（.4）The influence of ionic strength and acidity on soil adsorbtion and desorption Pb was extremely significant.Selection of salt of Ca（H2PO4）2,NH4H2PO4,KH2PO4 as a phosphate fertilizer to the soil to reduce the environmental risks was recommended.In short,the conventional application of the type of phosphate calcium dihydrogen phosphate,at the national scope of recommended fertilizer is safe.

关 键 词：三峡库区 消落带 磷肥 铅离子 吸附量 解吸量 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]