黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带不同生境植物的叶性状  

Leaf traits of species in different habits in the water-wind erosion region of the Loess Plateau

作　　者：白文娟[1,2] 郑粉莉[1,3] 董莉丽[4] 丁晓斌[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第10期2529-2540,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划(二期)资助项目(KZCX2-XB2-05-03);西北农林科技大学创新团队建设计划资助项目(01140202)

摘　　要：研究不同生境和不同植被演替阶段的叶性状,将为区域植被建设提供重要科学指导。以黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带的典型区——神木六道沟流域为研究地点,研究了不同生境植物叶性状的种间和种内差异、退耕地植被演替过程中叶性状的变化及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)不同生境植物的光合特征和叶片结构特征的种间差异较大,这可能是植物长期适应生态环境的结果,同时也与其本身固有的遗传特性有关。(2)在物种水平上,最大光合速率(Pmax)、光合氮素利用效率(PNUE)和比叶面积(SLA)随退耕年限的增加呈显著下降趋势,而水分利用效率(WUE)、叶氮含量(Nmass)与退耕年限相关关系不显著。在群落水平上,除SLA与退耕年限的相关性不显著以外,其它指标皆与物种水平的变化趋势一致。(3)研究区32个物种的Pmax与WUE、PNUE、Nmass呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而与SLA的相关关系不显著。PNUE与WUE、SLA呈显著正相关(P<0.001),而与Nmass的相关性不显著;物种的Nmass与SLA呈显著正相关(P<0.001)。同其它地区相比,研究区物种的Pmax、PNUE、SLA较低。具有较低Pmax、PNUE、SLA的物种可能更适宜研究区土壤贫瘠的生境。Understanding leaf traits in different habitats and succession stages can provide useful scientific guidance for vegetation construction. This paper characterized inter-species and intra-species differences of leaf traits in different habitats,their temporal changes during vegetation recovery after abandonment of cultivation and their relationships across all species in the Liudaogou catchment of Shenmu County in a typical water-wind erosion crossover region on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that large inter-species differences existed in all habitats,probably reflecting the adaptation of species to the environment and strong influence of their genetic nature. At the species level,the maximum photosynthesis rate （Pmax）,photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency （PNUE）,and specific leaf area （SLA） showed significant decreasing trends as time elapsed since abandonment,while water use efficiency （WUE） and nitrogen content （Nmass） were not significantly correlated to years elapsed since abandonment. At the community level,the tends were consistent with those at the species level except for SLA. Among the 32 plant species in the studied area,Pmax,while not correlated with SLA,was significantly positively correlated with the WUE、PNUE and Nmass（P0.05）; the PNUE,while not correlated with Nmass,was significantly positively correlated with the WUE and SLA（P0.001）; and the Nmass was significantly positively related to SLA （P0.001）. Compared with other studies in other regions,the species in the study area had lower Pmax、PNUE and SLA. Those lower values may be a result of the plant species adapting to infertile soil and harsh habitats of the study area.

关 键 词：植被演替 叶性状 光合生理适应性 水蚀风蚀交错带 黄土高原 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]