风沙过渡区土地生态价值及生态风险动态研究——以陕北神木县为例  

Study on Changes of Land Ecosystem Value and Ecological Risk in Sand Blowing Region:a Case Study over Shenmu County of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：莫宏伟[1,2] 任志远[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062 [2]湖南科技大学,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第2期357-362,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40771019)资助

摘　　要：以数字高程、遥感影像资料为依据,运用地学信息图谱研究方法,在RS和GIS的支持下分析了神木县1985—2000年土地利用、生态服务价值及土地生态风险指数变化的坡度分异特征。结果表明:①神木县草地、耕地、建设用地面积增加,其增幅最大值分别在0°～3°、3°～8°、0°～3°段,增量最大的是草地,增长最快的是建设用地;未利用地及林地面积减少,其减幅最大值分别在0°～3°、>25°段。②研究区土地利用类型变动面积占总面积的8.95%,未利用地向草地转化占总变动量83.92%,0°～15°段又包含了该变化量的96.32%;全区总变化量的92.66%集中在0°～15°段。③研究区生态系统服务价值总量增加了122.31×106元,增幅为7.17%;其中,草地服务价值增量占总增量的90.65%,0°～15°段集中了其价值增量的94.89%。④生态服务价值与生态风险的研究结果相互印证,环境改善的结论可信。Based on the DEM （Digital Elevation Model） and remote sensing data,supported by RS and GIS,and by means of geographic information images,the authors constructed the land use/cover change（LUCC） images and the ecosystem services value（ESV） change images of different land slopes of Shenmu County during 19852000.Furthermore,the characters of land use change and its ecological effects in research area were analyzed.The results show that the area of unused land and forest land decreased with the biggest decreasing rate taking place in slope of 0°～3° and 25°.The area of rangeland,farmland and construction land increased with the biggest increasing rate taking place in slope of 0°～3° and 3°～8°,among which grassland increased most and construction land increased fast.The area of unused land and forest land decreased with the most rate in slope of 0°～3° and 25°.The LUCC area during 19852000 was 66 945.50 hm2,which amounted to 8.95% of the total in research area.The change from unused land to grassland occupied 83.92% of the total changes,and that change happened on the slope of 0°～15° occupied 92.66% of the total changes.The ESV of the research area increased from 1 690.48×10^6 Yuan in 1985 to 1 811.68×10^6 Yuan in 2000,with increasing rate being 7.17% and 90.65% of it from rangeland.Research results from study on ecosystem service value and ecological risk index all make it credible that the environment here was improved from 1985 to 2000.

关 键 词：神木县 土地利用 生态价值 坡度 生态风险 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]