三江源区温性草原蒸散量与主要影响因子的相关分析  

Correlation between Evapotranspiration and Climate Factors in Warm Steppe in Source Region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers

作　　者：张耀生[1] 赵新全[1] 赵双喜[1,2] 冯承彬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810001 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第2期363-368,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"高寒草地退化生态系统综合整治技术研究"(2006BAC01A02);中国科学院西部行动计划项目"三江源区退化生态系统受损与修复机制及可持续管理"(KZCX2XB20601)资助

摘　　要：以小型自动气象站观测资料为基础,采用FAO Penman-Monteith方法估算三江源温性草原参考作物蒸散量,并结合FAO-56的推荐值进行了草地实际蒸散量的计测。结果表明,蒸散量季节动态呈单峰曲线变化趋势,在8月中旬达到年度最高值,平均为1.94mm.d-1,年蒸散总量达到275.36mm,暖季日蒸散量明显大于冷季。对实际蒸散量与各个主要环境因子的相关性进行了分析,结果可按照相关系数排序:空气温度(T)>太阳辐射(Ra)>空气相对湿度(RH)>风速(u2)。辐射量与实际蒸散量具有较高的线性相关。根据蒸散量与相关环境因子关系分析的结果,建立了适合三江源区域温性草原的蒸散量简化计测公式。Based on the meteorological data of HOBO Weather Station（U.S.A）,the reference evapotranspiration of crop in warm steppe in source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo rivers was calculated by the FAO Penman-Monteith equation,by which in combination with FAO-56 recommended value the actual evapotranspiration was calculated.The results show that：there is obviously seasonal variation of the actual evapotranspiration and its curve is unimodal type with the largest 1.94 mm·d^-1 in middle-August;the annual evapotranspiration is up to 275.36 mm and the daily evapotranspiration in warm season is lager than that in cold season.Analyzing result of correlation between actual evapotranspiration and climate factors suggests that the significance from larger to smaller are as：air temperaturesolar radiationair relative humiditywind speed.Based on the results of correlation analysis,a simplified calculation equation was establish to calculate the evapotranspiration of in warm steppe in source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo rivers.

关 键 词：三江源 温性草原 蒸散量 气候因子 

分 类 号：S812.1[农业科学—草业科学]