冬春交替期沙尘过程对黑河流域戈壁地表能量平衡扰动的个例分析  

Case Study of Dust Event on Surface Heat and Radiation Budget over Gobi in Heihe Basin during Winter to Spring

作　　者：牛生杰[1] 王存忠[1] 岳平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第2期407-412,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40765001,40705005);klme05006;干旱基金(IAM200817)共同资助

摘　　要：利用张掖国家气候观象台梯度塔温度、湿度和风观测资料,结合近地层辐射、土壤温度、湿度和土壤热通量资料,由地表热量平衡条件和Bowen比概念求得感热和潜热通量,对比分析了冬春交替期背景条件与沙尘天气黑河戈壁地表能量和辐射平衡特征。结果表明,典型晴天和出现扬沙天气前同时段内净辐射的小时平均值非常接近,但沙尘天气发生后,净辐射迅速减小;沙尘天气发生时近地面层空气湿度远小于同时段背景条件下小湿度;典型晴天各层地温存在比较典型的日变化特征,而沙尘天气发生之初,0cm、5cm和10cm处土壤温度快速升高;典型晴天表现出明显的地表辐射平衡的日循环特征,扬沙期间日循环特征被破坏,向下短波辐射减少尤为明显。Based on climate data observed by Zhangye National Climetological Observatory Fluxes System,the characters and daily variations of surface radiation budget,energy balance,soil temperature and humidity over Gobi area in Heihe basin on clear day and dust conditions were analyzed.The results show that,in a clear day or a dust day,the hourly mean net radiation values during the same time period before dust event are very similar.Dust event bring about fast decreasing of net radiation.The air humidity of near surface boundary layer in dust event is smaller that that in clear condition of the same time,and the soil temperature such as at 0 cm,5 cm and 10 cm depths is lager than that in clear.Compared to the typical regular circulation of surface radiation and heat budget on a clear day the diurnal variations in a dust day are ruleless.

关 键 词：黑河流域 戈壁 能量平衡 辐射平衡 

分 类 号：S161.21[农业科学—农业气象学]