游泳接力项目两种接跳出发技术对比分析  

Comparative analysis of two relay takeoff techniques for relay swimming events

作　　者：龙明[1] 张军[1] 陈小英[2] 冯云辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学体育部,广东广州510632 [2]广州大学体育学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《体育学刊》2010年第5期84-88,共5页Journal of Physical Education

摘　　要：选择10名广州大学高水平男子游泳运动员为研究对象,采用测力板、高速摄像机等仪器设备同步采集运动学和动力学参数资料,对游泳接力项目中常用的两种接跳出发技术进行对比分析,选择更适宜接力项目的摆臂式出发技术对自由泳成绩最好的4名运动员进行为期4周的接跳训练,籍以探讨两种接跳出发技术的优劣及摆臂式出发技术训练对接跳时间的成效。结果表明,摆臂式出发技术相对于抓台式出发技术具有较大起跳角度、垂直速度和起跳作用力,入水阻力小,在入水距离、出发10 m时间具有较大的优势,更适合游泳接力的项目特点,更适宜在游泳接力项目中使用。实验证明,运动员经过较长时间的接跳训练,采用摆臂式出发技术可以明显提高游泳接力项目的接跳时间。By selecting 10 high performance male swimmers at Guangzhou University as their research subjects,and by using instruments and equipment such as force measurement board and high speed camcorder to synchronously acquire kinematical and dynamical parameter data,the authors compared and analyzed two relay takeoff techniques commonly used for relay swimming events,selected the arm swinging style takeoff technique more suitable for relay events to carried out 4-week relay takeoff training on 4 swimmers with better free style swimming performances in order to probe into the advantages and disadvantages of the two relay starting techniques and the effect of arm swinging style takeoff technique training on the relay start time,and revealed the following findings： compared with the platform griping style takeoff technique,the arm swinging style takeoff technique produced a bigger takeoff angle,a higher vertical velocity,a stronger takeoff acting force,and a smaller water entrance resistance,having big advantages in terms of water entrance distance and the time taken in the first 10 meters,being more applicable to relay swimming events,hence being more suitable for being used for relay swimming events;as proved in the experiment,after long time relay takeoff training,swimmers using the arm swinging style takeoff technique can significantly improve their relay takeoff time in relay swimming events.

关 键 词：运动训练 游泳 接力项目 摆臂式出发技术 抓台式出发技术 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]