东北地区低城市化城市劳动就业的优化研究  

Study on Improvement of Labors' Employment of Low Urbanization Cities in The Northeast Area

作　　者：李宁[1,2] 丁四保[1] 王士君[1] 赵伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,吉林长春130024 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2010年第5期129-133,共5页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"东北老工业基地城市组群结构和功能优化研究"(NO.40471041);东北师范大学青年基金"东北地区城市化进程与就业结构转变的区域耦合与优化研究"(NO.111494171);"东师学者"青年学术骨干培养计划项目"中国东北重点开发区域主体功能的综合测度与空间优化机制研究"的部分研究成果

摘　　要：东北地区就业问题的出路主要在城市(产业),而东北地区的城市同样面临着各种问题。本文深入分析了东北地区城市化发展水平较低的城市的劳动就业特点及其形成机制,目前东北地区低城市化城市就业存在的主要问题表现在以下几个方面:①城镇劳动力供需矛盾突出,失业率较高;②农业劳动力转移压力大;③国民经济劳动就业效应小;④劳动力整体素质偏低。在上述分析基础上,作者进一步就如何提升东北地区低城市化城市的就业能力给出了相应的区域调控政策与措施:①以经济发展为主线,优先发展劳动密集型产业;②加快农业产业化步伐,扩大农业内部就业;③有重点地建设县(区)城区和中心镇,推进城市化进程;④努力提升劳动者的就业能力。The way to resolve employment problems of the northeast area is mainly in cities（industry）, but the cities in the northeast area are also confronted with various problems. The article deeply analyzes and discusses employment features and their forming mechanism in low urbanization cities in the northeast area, and at present, the low urbanization cities in the northeast area mainly have the following employment problems： （1）the contradiction of urban labor supply and demand is obvious, and the unemployment rate is high; （2）the transfer pressure of agricultural labor is large; （3）the emplo,nnent effect of the national economy is small; （4）the overall quality of labor force is low. At end of the article, in view of the present symptom and in order to promote the urban employment capability of low urbanization cities, the author tries to put forward the feasible policies and measures： （1）making economic development as the main line, and giving priority to the development of labor- intensive industries; （2）accelerating the pace of agricultural industrialization, and enlarging the employment within agriculture; （3） focusing on building the county （district） city and central towns to promote the process of urbanization; （4）enhancing the employability of workers.

关 键 词：低城市化 城市 劳动就业 区域优化 东北地区 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济]