多刺裸腹溞的精子发生  

Histology and ultrastructure of spermatogenesis in Moina macrocopa

作　　者：曾错[1] 徐霖林[1] 赵云龙[1] 马强[1,2] 王群[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062 [2]崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区,上海202183

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2010年第3期487-495,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670227);上海市科学技术委员会重大项目(08231200702;08DZ1203102)

摘　　要：应用组织学方法和电镜技术,研究了多刺裸腹溞(Moina macrocopa)的精子发生、成熟精子的形态以及雄性生殖系统的结构特征。多刺裸腹溞雄性生殖系统包括1对精巢、1对输精管和1个生殖孔。精巢壁薄,由电子密度不同的2层结缔组织膜组成。生殖孔位于尾爪底部,其周围无类似交媾器等其他附属结构。多刺裸腹溞的精子发生经历精原细胞、精母细胞、精子细胞和成熟精子4个主要时期。精原细胞呈椭圆形,核染色质较分散,细胞质中分布着大量的粗面内质网和游离的核糖体。精母细胞由于挤压呈多角形,细胞核为椭圆形,核基质和染色质分别位于细胞核的一侧,细胞质中存在少量的线粒体,内质网呈片层状。精子细胞向精子分化,形态上纵向拉长,细胞核也纵向伸长;细胞质中线粒体数量增多,个体增大,且部分线粒体内嵴溶解,形成空泡状的衍生物;内质网大量发生。成熟精子弯曲成棒形,细胞核变小,呈圆形,位于精子的中央。扫描电镜观察显示,精子外表面光滑无附属结构。在整个精子发生过程中,细胞核双层核膜结构完整且清晰。此外在精巢中还存在巨大细胞。Spermatogenesis,mature sperm’s morphology and the whole male reproductive system in Moina macrocopa were investigated with histological method,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）.The spermatogenesis experiences four main stages：spermatogonium,spermatocyte, spermatid and mature sperm.Spermatid stage can be further divided into two stages：the early spermatid and the later spermatid.Spermatogonia were oval in shape and there were big and oval nucleuses with dispersed chromatin in the center.In the relatively thinner cytoplasm layer of spermatogonium distributed a great deal of rough endoplasmic reticulum（sRERs）and many free ribosomes.Because of extrusion between cells,spermatocytes became multiangular,and their nucleuses were still oval,in which chromatin and nuclear matrix located at lateral sides. The cytoplasm of spermatocyte had some oval mitochondria and many sheet RER.During the stage that spermatid developed into spermatozoon,the whole spermatid and the nucleus elongated longitudinally.The cytoplasm had more mitochondria which became larger.Cristae disappeared or partially remained at the edge of internal membrane in some mitochondria,and mitochondrial derivatives were formed.In the same time,endoplasmic reticula appeared abundantly.The ripe sperms had a clavated bended lubricous body without any other appendants.The nucleus of sperm was in a circle and became smaller in the center of the cell.In the whole process of the spermatogenesis, the double-karyothecas kept integrate and clear.We did not observe the sperm scabbard.The gaint cells which had nutritious function could be found together with germinal cells in testicles.The male reproductive system of Moina macrocopa was composed of a pair of testes,a pair of deferens and one male gonopore.And it was relatively primordial.The wall of the testis was thin,which could be divided into two layers under electron microscopy.The male gonopore was at the bottom of post abdominal claw where no appendants like

关 键 词：多刺裸腹溞 精子发生 精子 雄性生殖系统 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]