聚丙烯酰胺与强化剂联用对土-水界面磷素迁移的影响  被引量:4

EFFECT OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF POLYACRYLAMIDE AND ENHANCERS ON PHOSPHORUS MOBILIZATION ON SOIL-WATER INTERFACE IN PURPLE SOIL

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作  者:江韬[1,2] 邓丽莉[1] 魏世强[1,2] 陈瑜鹏[1] 卢松[1] 刘双营[1] 

机构地区:[1]西南大学资源环境学院环境科学与工程系,重庆400716 [2]重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室,重庆400716

出  处:《土壤学报》2010年第3期473-482,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基  金:国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10);重庆市重大科技攻关项目(CSTC22006AC1018)资助

摘  要:采用静态吸附解吸试验结合模拟淹水试验,研究了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)与四种化学强化剂(石灰石L,石膏G,沸石Z,腐殖质H)联用对土壤磷的吸持特性及土壤磷素向水体迁移释放的影响。吸附解吸试验结果表明:PAM和四种化学强化剂(添加量为5%)联用均能提高土壤固磷能力,磷平均解吸量和解吸率均小于对照(CK),其中以PAM+石灰石(P0.2+L)吸附能力最强,PAM+腐殖质(P0.2+H)次之;磷吸附动力学过程除PAM+石膏(P0.2+G)和P0.2+H符合抛物面扩散方程外,其余处理均符合Elovich方程和双常数方程。淹水试验结果表明:单施PAM时,0.1%PAM(P0.1)、0.2%PAM(P0.2)及0.4%PAM(P0.4)均可降低生物有效磷(BAP)的释放强度。当不同强化剂与PAM复合后,除P0.2+H外,其余均能有效抑制生物有效磷的释放,降低释放强度,其中以P0.2+L效果最好,上覆水体平均浓度和平均释放强度最低,分别为0.267 mgL-1和1.852 mgm-2d-1。干湿交替后,单施PAM抑制生物有效磷释放的效果明显降低,不同PAM施用量处理与对照无显著差异;而PAM与化学强化剂复合后,除P0.2+H外,其余处理均能持续抑制生物有效磷向水体的释放。A static adsorption and desorption experiment in couple with a simulated flooding experiment was carried out to study effect of combined application of polyacrylamide (PAM) and enhancers ( lime, gypsum, natural zeolite and humus) on retention characteristics and translocation and release of soil P to water body in purple soil. Results of the adsorption/desorption experiment show that application of PAM coupled with any of the four enhancers enhanced soil P fixation capacity, with average P desorption volume and rate being lower than in CK. Of the four combinations, Treatment P0.2.L (PAM + lime) was the highest in P adsorption capacity, which was followed by Treatment P0.2+H (PAM + humus). In addition, Elovieh and Two-constant models could be used successfu/ly to describe the sorption processes of all treatments except for PAM + gypsum (P02.+C ) and P0.2+H , which fitted the paraboloid diffusion equation. Results of the flooding batch experiment show that mono-application of PAM, regardless of rate (0. 1% PAM ( P0.1 ) , 0. 2% PAM ( P0.2 ) and 0.4% PAM( P0.4 )) , reduced the strength of BAP release, and when combined with enhancers, PAM effectively inhibited release of BAP and reduced strength of the release, except for Treatment P0.2+H. The effect of Treatment P02+L was the best, keeping the mean BAP concentration and release strength at the lowest (0. 267 mg L^-1 and 1. 852 mgm^-2 d^-1 respectively) in the overlaying water body. After alternation of wetting and drying, the effect of PAM mono-application, regardless of rate, decreased significantly, showing no much difference from CK. However combined application with chemical enhancer, except for Treatment P0.2+H, improved the effect of PAM inhibiting BAP release to water body

关 键 词:聚丙烯酰胺 化学强化剂 淹水 干湿交替 生物有效磷 

分 类 号:S156.2[农业科学—土壤学] X171.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]

 

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