氮钾肥对磷在红壤肥际微域中迁移转化的影响  

PHOSPHORUS MOVEMENT AND TRANSFORMATION IN FERTILIZER MICROSITES IN RED SOIL AS AFFECTED BY NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM APPLICATION

作　　者：杜振宇[1,2] 周健民[1] 王火焰[1] 陈小琴[1] 杜昌文[1] 王清华[2] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014

出　　处：《土壤学报》2010年第3期497-502,共6页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"973项目"(2007CB109301);国家自然科学基金项目(30671202);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(2007BS08013)资助

摘　　要：在农田施肥中,氮肥和钾肥经常与磷肥一起施入土壤,一定程度上会影响磷的土壤化学行为。采用室内土柱实验研究了NH4Cl、KCl在与磷酸二氢钙(MCP)共施条件下对磷在红壤肥际微域中迁移和形态转化的影响。试验结果表明,共施NH4Cl或KCl未改变磷在红壤中的迁移距离,但对肥际微域中磷的形态转化产生了显著影响。与单施MCP相比,共施NH4Cl和KCl均显著降低了红壤肥际微域的土壤pH。在培养7 d和28 d时,共施NH4Cl均未对施肥点附近红壤的水溶性磷含量产生显著影响,而共施KCl在培养7 d时显著降低了水溶性磷含量,在培养28 d时却增加了水溶性磷含量。共施NH4Cl或KCl显著增加了红壤肥际微域内的酸溶性磷和有效磷含量。磷的迁移量回收结果表明,共施NH4Cl或KCl促进了磷从MCP中向红壤迁移,增加了磷的迁移量。Nitrogen （N） and potassium （K） fertilizers are often applied together with phosphorus （P） fertilizer in farming, which may possibly affect chemical behavior of P in the soil. Effects of NH4Cl and KCl on movement and transformation of P from monocalcium phosphate （MCP） in fertilizer microsites in red soil were studied through an incubation experiment using soil columns. The coapplication of NHaClor KCl with MCP did not affect much the distance of P movement but did P transformation from MCP in fertilizer microsites. Compared with the application of MCP alone, the addition of N or K significantly decreased soil pH in fertilizer microsites. Determination on D7 and D28 revealed that the addition of NH4Cl did no have any significant effect on concentration of water-extractable P in the soil close to fertilizer placement, while the addition of KCl decreased the concentration significantly on D7, but increased it on D28. The concentrations of acid-extractable P and available P were significantly increased by the addition of NH4Cl or KCl on both D7 and D28. The findings indicated that the movement of P from MCP into the red soil was significantly enhanced by the addition of NH4Cl or KCl.

关 键 词：NH4CL KCL MCP 红壤 迁移 转化 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]