施加内生真菌拟茎点霉(Phomopsissp．)对茅苍术凋落物降解及土壤降解酶活性的影响  

EFFECTS OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS (PHOMOPSIS SP.) ON DECOMPOSITION OF PLANT (ATRACTYLODES LANCEA(THUNB)DC) LITTERS AND ACTIVITY OF DEGRADING ENZYMES IN SOIL

作　　者：陈晏[1] 戴传超[1] 王兴祥[2] 张波[1] 鞠群 

机构地区：[1]江苏省生物多样性与生物技术重点实验室,南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210046 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [3]句容市九龙药材有限公司,江苏句容212441

出　　处：《土壤学报》2010年第3期537-544,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30970523,30770073,30500066);科技部科技型中小企业创新基金项目(08C26213200571);中国科学院知识创新重大项目(CX1-YW-09);国家支撑计划(2009BADC6B006,2009BADC6B003)资助

摘　　要：通过向盆栽土壤中分别添加茅苍术(Atractylodes lancea(thunb)DC.)凋落物(CK)、内生真菌拟茎点霉(Phomopsissp.编号B3)和灭菌凋落物(MB)、内生真菌和凋落物(WB)、内生真菌和凋落物及菌体发酵液(WBF)、凋落物和灭菌发酵液(WMF)后,定期检测凋落物纤维素、木质素降解率,测定土壤纤维素酶和木质素酶活性,并利用巢式PCR方法跟踪土壤中活体内生真菌B3动态变化,研究了土壤施加内生真菌对掉落的茅苍术残体的分解及土壤降解酶活性影响。结果表明,植物内生真菌离开宿主进入土壤仍具有生理活性,能适应非宿主环境,存活30 d之久。在此期间,内生真菌在富含凋落物的土壤中明显加快纤维素、木质素的降解,在10 d、30 d、60 d取样测定,处理组中WBF和MB的土壤纤维素酶活性显著高于其他处理组,处理组MB和WB的土壤木质素酶活性显著高于其他处理组。A pot experiment designed to have 5 treatments, i.e. Treatment CK （litter of Atractylodes lancea （thunb） DC only）; Treatment MB （endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. and sterilized A. lancea litters）; Treatment WB （Phomopsis sp. and A. lancea litters） ; Treatment WBF, （Phomopsis sp. , A. lancea litters and fermentation broth） ; and Treatment WMF （A. lancea litters and sterilized fermentation broth） , was carried out. After the treatment, decomposition rates of cellulose and lignose of the litters and activities of their degrading enzymes in the soils were determined regularly, and meanwhile, variation of endophytic fungus B3 in the soil was tracked by means of nested PCR, to study effect of the addition of endophytic fungus to soil on decomposition of A. lancea litters and activities of soil degrading enzymes. Results indicate that even when detached from their host, the endophytic fungus still remained physiologically active, got adapted to non-host conditions and survived for more than 30 days. During this period of time, the fungus significantly accelerated decomposition of cellulose and lignin. Measurements of the samples taken on D10, D30 and D60 showed that the activity of cellulase was significantly higher in Treatments WBF and MB than in other treatments, and the activity of ligninase was significantly higher in Treatments MB and WB than in other treatments.

关 键 词：内生真菌 降解 凋落物 纤维素 木质素 巢式PCR 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学] X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]