6426例高血压住院患者的增龄性变化和并存疾病分析  

Clinical analysis of ageing changes and comorbidities in 6426 inpatients with hypertension

作　　者：白玉芝[1] 茹静[1] 王晶[1] 安芸[1] 汤莉莹[1] 赵霞[1] 田甜[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院干部综合科,100043

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2010年第5期355-358,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨高血压与年龄及并存疾病的关系。方法对我院2005年5月至2009年5月住院的6426例高血压患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，按年龄分为青年组（18～44岁）312例、中年组（45～59岁）1529例、老年组（60～79岁）3847例及高龄组（80～99岁）738例，分析高血压患者占同年龄组住院患者的比例及并存疾病情况。结果6426例高血压患者中，男3438例（53．50），女2988例（46．5％）；年龄18～99岁，平均（66．3±12．1）岁，其中青年组312例（4．8％），中年组1529例（23．8％），老年组3847例（59．9％），高龄组738例（11．5％）；同期18岁以上住院患者共25504例，其中青年组11208例，中年组5389例，老年组7596例，高龄组1311例。高血压患者占同年龄组住院患者的比例依次为2．78％、28．37％、50．65％及56．30；青、中年组高血压患者比例男性明显高于女性，而老年组及高龄组男、女比例差异无统计学意义；6426例高血压患者并存糖尿病2069例（32．2％），高脂血症1508例（23．50），睡眠呼吸暂停综合征105例（1．6％），冠心病1061例（16．5％），心功能不全904例（14．1％），脑卒中2353例（36．6％），肾功能不全678例（10．6％）。结论高血压患病率随增龄而增加。高血压尤其是老年高血压其相关危险因素有群集现象，糖尿病、高脂血症、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征等相关疾病既是高血压发病的危险因素，同时又加重了高血压对心、脑、肾等重要靶器官的损害，而引起严重的心脑血管事件。因此，高血压治疗除积极降压达标外，应加强综合治疗以防止或延缓并发症的发生。Objective To discuss the relationship of hypertension with ageing and comorbidities in 6426 inpatients. Methods The data of 6426 inpatients with hypertension from May 2005 to May 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. All inpatients were divided into four groups： the young-aged group from 18 to 44 yrs （n=312, 4.8%）, the middle-aged group from 45 to 59 yrs （n=1529, 23.8%）, the elderly group from 60 to 79 yrs （n=3847, 59.9%） and the old old group from 80 to 99 yrs （n= 738, 11.5 % ）. The percentages of hypertension patients in the same age group over the same period were calculated and the comorbidities were observed respectively. Results Of 6426 hypertensive cases, there were 3438 males （53.5%） and 2988 females （46.5%）, ranging from 18 to 99 yrs with the average age of （66.3± 12.1） yrs. There were 25 504 inpatients over 18 years old including 11 208 in the youth group, 5389 in the middle-aged group, 7596 in the elderly group and 1311 in the old old group. The proportions of hypertension inpatients to total in-patients in the four age groups were 2.8%, 28.4%, 50.7% and 56.3% respectively. In the youth and middle-aged groups, numbers of males with hypertension were more than of females, however there was no significant difference in gender in the elderly and the old old groups. Within 6426 inpatients with hypertension, 2069 （32.2%） had diabetes mellitus, 1508 （23.5%） had hyperlipidemia, 105 （1.6%） had sleep apnea syndrome, 1061 （16.5%） had coronary artery disease, 904 （14.1%） had heart failure, 2353 （36.6%） had stroke and 678 （10.6%） had kidney failure. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension increases with ageing significantly. The correlated risk factors for hypertension include diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and sleep apnea syndrome, being a clustering phenomenon, especially for elder patients. These risk factors also deteriorate the damage on heart, brain, kidney and other target organs, which might ultimately result in serious cardio-cerebral vascular

关 键 词：高血压 危险因素 年龄因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]