EZ取钉器的研制和生物力学研究  

Biomechanical Study and Development of EZ Screw Extractor

作　　者：韩松杰[1] 童松林[1] 徐仲棉 张立权 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院附属慈溪医院设备科,浙江慈溪315300 [2]浙江广慈医疗器械有限公司,浙江慈溪315300

出　　处：《中国医疗设备》2010年第5期31-33,共3页China Medical Devices

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科学研究基金项目(2009A194)资助;慈溪市科技局科技计划项目(CN2008030)资助

摘　　要：目的研制一种省时、创伤小、操作方便的取钉器,应用于骨科的断钉和打滑螺钉的拆除。并探讨其结构特点、设计思路和生物力学特性。方法设计取钉器的前端为夹钉装置,根据螺钉粗细不同分多种规格,可取卸,可伸缩微调,取钉器的尾部有两个手柄,可增加夹钉装置的夹持力。采用成人新鲜尸体股骨、胫骨、尺挠骨各2具,按临床要求固定螺钉,骨髓腔内灌注骨水泥,每具尸骨随机分成2种生物力学测试模型:A组为起子取螺钉扭力组,B组为EZ取钉器取螺钉扭力组,分别测试螺钉最大扭力、扭角值和螺钉旋出时功耗大小、效率等四个生物力学指标。结果EZ取钉器组扭力、功耗和效率远高于螺钉扭力组,两组间均呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论取钉器设计合理,结构简单,操作方便,能减少并发症,特别适用于骨科内固定螺钉打滑或断钉取出困难的病例,具有实际应用价值,值得临床推广应用。Objective To develop a screw extractor which is time-saving, less injuring and easy to operate, applied in taking out the broken and slipped screws in orthopedics department clinically, and to discuss its unique feature, the design mentality and the biomechanics characteristics. Methods The front part of the screw extractor is designed for clamping the screws. According to the different thicknesses of the screws, it is divided into several specifications, and it can be removed and regulated. At the end of the screw extractor, there are two handles used to strenghten the clamping force. Each 2 femurs, tibias, radius, ulnas from fresh skeleton specimen are adopted. The medulla cavity are filled with the bone cement to clamp screws based on clinical request. The skeleton specimen are divided into two groups radomaly as the biomechanical test models. Group A takes screws out by screwdriver, while in Group B, screws are taken by EZ screw extractor. There are four biomechanical dates needs to be tested： the biggest torsion, the angle of the torsion, the power consumption when screws are drawn out, as well as the efficiency. Results The values of torsion, angle of torsion, and the power consumption in Group B are considerably higher than in Group A. The two groups show the significantly differences （ P〈0.05 ）. In clinical practice, there are 36 broken and slipped screws from 12 cases of patients were successfully taken out by EZ screw extractor. Conclusion The screw extrator is reasonable designed, easy to operate with simple structure. reducing the complication. It is especially suitable for those cases in which screws are slipped or broken and hard to be taken out in orthopedics fixation. it has the good effect in practical application, and it is worth the clinical promotion and application.

关 键 词：取钉器 生物力学 骨科器械 

分 类 号：TH781[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]