6种急性有机磷农药中毒致呼吸衰竭发生率及其影响因素的对比研究  

Contrasting study of the respiratory failure rates and its influence factors between cases with acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning

作　　者：王浩春[1] 张锡刚[1] 何跃忠[1] 李光[1] 汤雪萍[1] 江云[1] 刘鹏[1] 林景厚[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院附属医院急诊科全军中毒救治专科中心,北京100071

出　　处：《临床急诊杂志》2010年第2期75-77,84,共4页Journal of Clinical Emergency

摘　　要：目的:明确不同种类有机磷农药中毒呼吸衰竭的发生率及其影响因素。方法:根据接触农药种类,将325例急性有机磷农药中毒患者按中毒农药种类分为6组,A组:氧乐果;B组:乐果;C组:甲拌磷;D组:甲胺磷;E组:敌敌畏;F组:对硫磷。记录患者年龄、性别、中毒剂量、诊断分级和呼吸衰竭发生率。结果:①患者年龄、性别构成及中毒剂量无明显差异。②呼吸衰竭总体发生率为41.85%,各组间差异明显。③重度中毒患者呼吸衰竭发生率为62.10%,各组间差异明显。结论:不同种类有机磷农药中毒致呼吸衰竭的发生率具有明显差异,最主要的影响因素是毒剂的毒理学特性。本研究结果有助于重度有机磷农药中毒致呼吸衰竭的早期预测,并在救治的早期阶段采取预见性救治措施,有助于提高救治成功率。Objective：To explore the respiratory failure rates and its influence factors in paitents with acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning.Method：325 acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning patients were divided into 6 groups according to the kinds of organophosphorus pesticides.Group A： omethoate;Group B： dimethoate;Group C： phorate;Group D： methamidophos;Group E： dichlorvos;Group F： parathion.The patient＇s age,gender,dosage,diagnostic degree and Respiratory failure rate were recorded.Result：① There were no significant differences in age,gender,dosage among those groups.② The total respiratory rate was 41.85%.③ The total respiratory failures rates in serious acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning patients was 62.10%.There were significant differences of respiratory failure rate among those groups.Conclusion：There were significant differences in respiratory failure rate among cases with different acute organophosphorus pesticides poisoning.The most important influence factor was toxicological characteristic.This study was benefit to forecasting respiratory failure rates of different kinds of organophosphorus pesticides poisoning patients.So the purposeful cure method can be take foreseelingly.More serious organophosphorus pesticides poisoning patients would be saved.

关 键 词：有机磷农药中毒 剂量 呼吸衰竭 氧乐果 乐果 甲拌磷 甲胺磷 敌敌畏 对硫磷 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]