中国出口贸易的技术效率及其区域差异——基于随机前沿分析(SFA)技术的实证研究  

Research on Technical Efficiency of China Export Trade and Its Regional Difference——Based on the Stochastic Frontier Analysis

作　　者：王良[1] 冯涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《经济管理》2010年第6期9-16,共8页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目"基于高频数据的中国ETF基金协整关系研究"(20080441172);国家社科基金资助项目"资产价格波动对居民财产性收入分配的影响研究"(08BJL023)

摘　　要：本文运用随机前沿生产函数对我国30个省份1996～2007年间的出口贸易技术效率、影响因素及区域差异进行了实证分析。研究表明,产业结构、要素禀赋、贸易开放度对我国出口贸易技术效率的提高具有负效应,而外商直接投资、技术进步则具有正效应。产业结构不合理,要素禀赋中K/L比率较低,贸易开放度过高(即贸易依存度过高),对我国出口贸易的技术效率产生了负面的影响,而FDI通过技术溢出效应,技术进步对生产要素的节约及优化都对我国出口贸易技术效率的提高产生了正向效应。对东、中、西部的区域出口贸易技术效率差异进行分析,发现三个地区的技术无效率函数中,西部的产业结构在5%的水平上显著为负效应,东部和中部的产业结构对于出口贸易的技术效率有正效应,但并不显著;FDI、技术进步对三个地区出口贸易技术效率有显著正效应,要素禀赋、贸易开放度具有显著负效应,但影响程度不同。An empirical analysis was presented for the technical efficiency and its influence factors, regional differences of the export trade for China＇s 30 provinces in 1996 - 2007 years with stochastic frontier production function. It was shown that the industrial structure, factor endowments, trade openness on China＇s technical efficiency of export trade, while foreign direct investment（ FDI）, technical progress had a positive effect. Irrational industrial structure, the lower of the factor endowments in the K/L ratio, and the higher of the trade liberalization had more negative impact on the technical efficiency of China＇s export trade, while the FDI through technical spillovers, tech- nical progress pairs of the savings and optimization of production factors had a positive effect on the China＇s export trade. For the differences of the technical efficiency of export trade of eastern, central and western region, it was found that the western industrial structure at the 5% level with a significant negative effect, while the eastern and central parts of the technical efficiency had a nonsignificantly positive effect. FDI, technical progress of three re- gions had a significantly positive effect in technical efficiency of export trade. Factor endowments, trade openness has a significant negative effect with varying degrees. It had conducted some in-depth analysis for this.

关 键 词：出口 贸易 技术效率 SFA 

分 类 号：F062[经济管理—政治经济学]