烤烟叶片发育过程中栅栏细胞超微结构的变化  

Ultramicro Structure Changes of Palisade Cell in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaf During Growth and Development

作　　者：时向东 焦枫[1] 范豪杰 韩永镜 刘国顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,郑州市农业路63号450002 [2]福建省宁化县烟草公司 [3]皖南烟叶公司,安徽省宣城市昭亭北路2号242000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2010年第5期46-50,54,共6页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局科技攻关项目"皖南烟区烤烟特殊香气风格形成机理及配套栽培技术研究"(110200601015);烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室资助项目"烟草叶片发育过程中的组织学和细胞学规律研究"(200606)

摘　　要：为摸清烤烟叶片发育过程中栅栏细胞超微结构变化,采用大田试验并利用透射电子显微镜对细胞内叶绿体、淀粉粒、嗜锇颗粒和液泡等进行了系统的观察。结果表明:叶长10 cm时,叶绿体发育趋于完善,开始具有光合功能。叶长20 cm时,细胞内液泡逐步增大融合为中央大液泡。叶长50 cm时,叶绿体结构发育成熟,细胞进入以合成为主的旺盛功能期。叶长60 cm后,叶绿体积累的淀粉粒迅速增大、增多,叶绿体逐步降解,内含物中嗜锇颗粒明显增加。当叶片发育至适熟时,叶绿体内淀粉粒和嗜锇颗粒大量积累。To investigate the ultramicro structure changes of palisade cell in flue-cured tobacco leaf during growth and development,the chloroplast,starch grain,osmiophilic globule and vacuole were observed by transmission electron microscope via field experiments.The results showed that the chloroplasts in palisade cell was in developing and photosynthesis began when leaf was 10 cm in length;small vacuoles had fused into a single large central vacuole when leaf was 20 cm in length;at 50 cm leaf length,the structure of chloroplasts matured,and cells entered a florescent stage,in which synthesis was dominant.After tobacco leaf reached 60 cm in length,chloroplasts gradually degraded along with rapid enlarging and increase of the accumulated starch grains,and the osmiophilic globules increased obviously.In ripe leaf,plentiful starch grains and osmiophilic globules accumulated in chloroplast.

关 键 词：烤烟 发育 超微结构 叶绿体 淀粉粒 嗜锇颗粒 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]