明流条件下城门洞形隧洞临界水深的直接计算法  

A Direct Method for Calculating the Critical Depth of a Arched Section Tunnel

作　　者：张宽地[1] 王光谦[2] 吕宏兴[1] 杨岑[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]清华大学水利系,北京100084

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2010年第3期101-106,共6页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"973"计划资助项目(2007CB407201);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(40335050)

摘　　要：为了改善明流条件下城门洞形隧洞临界水深无显函数计算方法的现状,通过对城门洞形断面临界流方程的数学变换,并对引入的无量纲参数与相对临界水深关系进行分析及计算,将求解正常水深的超越函数采用指定的幂函数形式逼近,并应用改进粒子群优化算法求解该函数,得到了城门洞形断面临界水深的直接计算式。实例计算及误差分析表明:在工程实用范围内(临界水深与拱顶半径之比在1.00到1.85之间),该公式最大相对误差仅为0.37%,且物理概念清晰明确,形式简捷,能为水工设计手册的编制及工程设计提供有益的参考。In order to solve the problem that the calculation formulas of critical depth in arched-section tunnel aren＇ t expressed by explicit function,a new direct method for calculating critical depth of a arched-section tunnel,which follows from an analysis of the value calculation on the relationship between the relative critical depth and the introduced dimensionless parameter,was derived from transforming the critical flow equation based on improved particle swarm optimization.Error analysis and a computed illustration using the direct formula indicated that the maximum relative error is 0.37 percent in the utility range （ratio of critical depth to arch radius in 1.00 ～ 1.85）,and the formula has definite conception and brief form.

关 键 词：水力计算 临界水深 直接计算法 城门洞形断面 

分 类 号：TV131.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]