塔里木河下游绿洲荒漠过渡带土壤异质性及对植物群落的影响  

Soil Heterogeneity and Its Effects on Plant Community in Oasis Desert Transition Zone in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River

作　　者：郑田[1] 李建贵[1] 李卫红[2,3] 湾疆辉[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2010年第1期128-134,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"新疆干旱区典型荒漠生态系统综合整治技术与模式"资助

摘　　要：结合塔里木河下游铁干里克绿洲荒漠过渡带9个土壤剖面的81个土样分析数据,利用非参数检验、单因素方差分析和灰色关联方法,分析了塔里木河下游铁干里克绿洲荒漠过渡带土壤特性及其对植物群落的影响。结果表明,研究区土壤除全磷外,有机质等指标存在垂直分布差异,出现显著差异的土层深度为50cm。研究区上段的土壤养分含量相对较高,下段较低;植物物种多样性指数自上段至下段的下降趋势与有机质等的变化相同,而植物群落退化则表现为从复合群落到单一群落的演变趋势,即从乔(胡杨为主)、灌(柽柳为主)、草复合群落演变到单一的柽柳灌丛群落。灰色关联分析表明,塔里木河下游铁干里克绿洲荒漠过渡带上层(0～50cm)土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量与物种多样性的相关性较高。81 soil samples are collected from 9 soil profiles in Tieganlike oasis desert transition zone in the lower researches of Tarim River,based on which the spatial patterns of soil properties are analyzed by using non-parametric method and ANOVA.The relationship between plant species diversity and soil factors is also examined by using grey correlation analysis.Apart from the total P,the organic matter,total N,and total K distribute differentially in vertical profile,with significant differentiation at round 50 cm soil depth.In Tieganlike section along the Tarim River,the plant species diversity decreases from upper to lower reaches in correspondence to the same trend of soil nutrients.Consequently,the plant communities degrade from complexity to singleness,i.e.from the compound communities of arbor（predominated by Populus euphratica）＋shrub（predominated by Tamarix spp）＋herbage to pure Tamarix community.Grey correlation analysis indicates that there are significant relationships between plant species diversity and soil organic matter,total N,total P,and total K in the 0~50 cm soil layer.

关 键 词：塔里木河 土壤特性 多样性 灰关联 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]