4个玉米合成群体及其亲本群体的遗传变异比较与利用  

Comparison and Utilization of Genetic Variation for 4 Corn Synthetic Populations and Their Parent Populations

作　　者：刘勋甲[1] 郑用琏[1] 徐尚忠[1] 李建生[1] 刘纪麟[1] 石永刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]四川省农业科学院

出　　处：《作物学报》1999年第2期208-214,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助

摘　　要：本试验以美国种质坚杆综合种BSSSC9(B)、Lancaster(Lan)、热带种质墨黄九(M)、亚热带种质苏湾(S)4个国外群体和中国西南种质巫溪(W_(14))、兰花早(L)2个地方群体为主体,掺和含有它们血缘的优良自交系,品种群体,首次合成了WBMCo、WLSCo、LBMCo、LLSCo 4个轮回选择育种基础群体(代号的第一字母为国内西南地区种质,第二个字母为北美种质,第三个字母为热带、亚热带种质),并与6个主体亲本种质群体进行了比较.研究表明,按一定比例,经充分遗传重组组建的4个合成群体,其穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重、出籽率等主要产量组成性状的均值和标准差均大于对应亲本种质群体.4个合成群体单株粒重的频率分布向高产方向偏移,变异范围也比亲本群体大.所有群体的穗重对单株粒重的贡献最大.影响单株粒重的其他各因素,其大小和方向,在4个合成群体和对应亲本群体中各不一样.为此,讨论并提出了各群体改良途径和利用价值.4 recurrent selection basic breeding populations-WBMCo、 WLSCo、 LBMCo and LLSCo (character1-Chinese South west germplasm; character 2-American germplasm; character 3-torrid and semitorrid zone germplasm) were synthesized using American germplasm of Stiff Stalk Synthetic BSSSC9 (B)、Lancaster (Lan), Mesican torrid zone germplasm of Me Huang Jiou (M) , Thai Land semi-torrid zone germplasm of Sauwan (S), Chinese south-western germplasm of Wu Xi(w)and Lan Hua Zhao(L) as main parent germplasm population. The study showed that the means and standard deviations of 4 synthetic populations were bigger than those of their corresponding parent populations in ear length, ear width, ear rows, row grains, weight of hundred grains, ratio of grain weight to ear weight. The frequency distribution of ear grain weight was partial to high yield direction for all of the 4 synthetic populations. The variations of ear grain weight were also bigger than those of their parent populations. The ear weight con-tributed more to grain weight in all populations. The other factors affecting grain weight were different. Therefore the improving methods, utilization value and discussions were presented for the populations.

关 键 词：玉米 合成群体 遗传变异 亲本群体 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]