二倍体和四倍体新麦草细胞学特性分析  

The Morphological and Cytological Characteristics of Diploid and Tetraploid of Psathyrostachy juncea

作　　者：齐丽娜[1] 云锦凤[1] 云岚[1] 张东辉[1] 于静怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2010年第3期4-9,27,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金："十一五"科技支撑项目"牧草倍性育种技术研究"(2008BADB3B03);内蒙古自治区重大科技项目"优质全价草产品开发"(20071923)

摘　　要：对蒙农四号新麦草二倍体和四倍体的细胞学指标进行比较分析,结果表明:四倍体蒙农四号新麦草体细胞染色体数目为28(2n=4x=28),二倍体为14(2n=2x=14);四倍体植株叶片的长、宽较二倍体有所增加;四倍体植株的气孔增大,气孔密度和表皮毛密度减小且均与二倍体植株间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。两种倍性植株的气孔大小、密度及表皮毛密度间均存在变异,其中变异幅度最小的是上表皮气孔长(6.57%),变异幅度最大的是下表皮毛密度(17.58%)。The cytological characteristics of diploid Psathyrostachy juncea and tetraploid Psathyrostachy juncea Nevski.cv.Mengnong No.4 were analyzed.The results showed that the chromosome numbers of tetraploid plant are 28（2n=4x=28）,the chromosome numbers of diploid plant are 14（2n=2x=14）.Tetraploid plant was characterized by the increase in length and width of leaf,also by the increase in length and width of stomas but the decrease in the density of stomas and trichomes,also there were significant differences between tetraploid and diploid（P〈0.01）.There were considerable variation in length,width,density of stomas and the density of both diploid and tetraploid,among them there was the least variation in the length of leaf upper epidermis stomas（6.57%）,there was the biggest variation in the density of leaf lower trichomes（17.58%）.

关 键 词：蒙农四号新麦草 二倍体 四倍体 倍性鉴定 气孔 表皮毛 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学] Q942[生物学—植物学]