科尔沁草地不同放牧制度牧食行为研究  

Studies on Grazing Behavior of Different Grazing System in Horqin Grassland

作　　者：占布拉[1] 卫智军[1] 黄伟华 张丽丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古鄂尔多斯市人民政府,内蒙古东胜017200

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2010年第3期57-61,共5页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(M0325001)

摘　　要：2006年7-10月在科尔沁草地研究了不同放牧制度下科尔沁牛的牧食行为。结果表明：科尔沁牛的采食选择性很强,不仅表现在牧草的种类上,还表现在牧草的生长季节上,主要选择那些易消化的植物种类或部位,在两种放牧制度的食谱中狗尾草所占的比例均高于45%。植物种群采食后的平均留茬高度在不同放牧制度和不同月份具有不同的表现,轮牧条件下表现为10月份〉7月份〉8月份〉9月份;自由放牧条件下表现为10月份〉9月份〉8月份〉7月份。不同放牧制度下的采食速率、采食习性、排泄行为不同,轮牧条件下采食时间和采食路线短,采食速率和采食量高,反刍？卧息和站立时间均较长,排粪和排尿次数少。From July to October in 2006,Horqin cattle grazing behavior in Horqin grasslands under different grazing system was studied.The results showed that feed intake by Horqin cattle was highly selective,not only in the species of forage,but also in growing season.Cattles prefered to species or parts that are easy to digest,the proportion of Setaria viridis in diet in both grazing system was higher than 45%.The average stubble height of plant population after grazing had different performance in different grazing system and in different months.Under rotational grazing conditions,the performance was October〉July〉August〉September;under free grazing conditions,October〉September〉August〉July.Under rotational grazing conditions,feedind line and feeding time were short,feed rate and feed intake were high,the time of rumination,resting and longer and standing was longer,times of defecation and urination was less.

关 键 词：科尔沁草地 放牧制度 牧食行为 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]