湖南省13所综合性医院住院儿童结核病的调查分析  

Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Children Hospitalized in 13 General Hospital of Hunan Province

作　　者：黄爱文[1] 葛燕[1] 何庆南[1] 易著文[1] 任基浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院儿科,湖南长沙410011 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院耳鼻咽喉科,湖南长沙410011

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2010年第9期1709-1712,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：中国结核病实施性研究管理委员会资助项目(TB07-043)

摘　　要：目的:调查分析湖南省综合性医院住院病例中儿童结核病的情况。方法:回顾性调查2006年1月至2008年3月间湖南省13所综合性医院住院病人中诊断为结核病的0-14岁儿童结核病例。结果:共调查到儿童结核病(不含潜伏结核感染病例)195例,男﹕女为1.67:1,农村居住与城市居住结核病人数比为2.67:1;发病比率最高的前三位依次为肺结核、结核性脑膜炎(含结核性脑膜脑炎)、淋巴结核;患病年龄以学龄期儿童(6-14岁)最多,婴儿期最少;不同年龄段结核类型有所不同,学龄期儿童以肺结核为主,其他各年龄组则多为肺外结核(淋巴结核、结核性脑膜炎);有结核病接触史者78例,有卡介苗接种史123例,其中,明确记录卡痕者62例;无卡介苗接种史或不详的患儿中结脑比率(36.1%)显著高于有卡介苗接种史患儿(28.5%);住院病例结核诊断手段多种多样,使用最多的为PPD皮试及淋巴活检。结论:我省综合医院住院儿童结核病患者并不少见,但危重结核类型比重大,其中以学龄期儿童患病人数多,卡介苗接种质量有待提高,我省儿童结核防治之路仍然任重而道远。Objective：To investigate and analyze the situation of tuberculosis（TB） of children hospitalized in general hospital of Hunan province.Method：We retrospectively investigated the cases with tuberculosis among the children aged 0-14 years old hospitalized in 13 general hospital of Hunan province from January 2006 to March 2008.Result：195 cases with tuberculosis（excluding latent TB infection） were diagnosed,with the male to female ratio of 1.67：1,2.67：1 for the ratio of the rural children to urban children.The top three kinds of TB were Pulmonary tuberculosis,Tuberculous meningitis（including tuberculous meningoencephalitis） and lymph tuberculosis in order.The most common morbility age was school age and the least one was infant age.The type of TB was different in each age groups.The most common clinical type of school age group was pulmonary tuberculosis,but external pulmonary tuberculosis（tuberculous meningitis,lymph tuberculosis） was common in other groups.78 cases had tuberculosis contact history,while 123 children had BCG vaccinated history,among whom only 62 children had the BCG scar indeed.The ratio of the tuberculous meningitis in BCG unvaccinated children（36.1%） was obviously higher than that in BCG vaccinated children（28.5%）.Although there were various methods to diagnose tuberculosis,PPD skin test and lymph node biopsy were commonly-used methods,whose positive rate were 61.5% and 100% respectively.Conclusion：It was clearly that the tuberculosis of children hospitalized in general hospital of Hunan province was not rare.The ratio of severe tuberculosis cases were higher,and the school age children was of highest morbility of TB.Therefore,it remains to improve the quality of BCG inoculation.And it is still a hard way to prevent children from and treat children with TB in our province.

关 键 词：结核 儿童 调查分析 湖南省 

分 类 号：R379.6[医药卫生—病原生物学]