基于遥感和GIS的宣化县水土流失定量空间特征分析  

The Ration Spatial Distribution of Soil Loss Based on Remote Sensing and GIS in Xuanhua County

作　　者：姬翠翠[1,2] 李晓松[1] 曾源[1] 闫娜娜[1] 武文波[2] 吴炳方[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感应用研究所,北京100101 [2]辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院,阜新123000

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2010年第2期107-112,117,共7页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大资助项目(编号:KZCXI-YW-08-02)

摘　　要：以遥感和GIS技术为支撑,利用通用的土壤流失方程（USLE）的修正模型（RUSLE）定量评估宣化县2000年的水土流失量和土壤侵蚀强度,并对宣化县水土流失空间分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,宣化县2000年土壤侵蚀（轻度侵蚀以上）面积为982.85 km2,占宣化县总面积的39.25%,平均土壤侵蚀模数为13.92 t/hm2.a,属于轻度侵蚀;坡度越大,极强度及剧烈侵蚀越有可能发生,从整体来看,15°~25°是侵蚀比例最大的坡度带。宣化县土壤侵蚀主要集中于灌草地和旱地两种土地类型,两者土壤侵蚀面积占宣化县2000年总土壤侵蚀面积的93.897%。Supported by remote sensing and GIS technology,the authors quantitatively evaluated the volume of soil loss and the soil loss intensity in Xuanhua County in 2000 on the basis of RUSLE model,and made a characteristic analysis of the spatial distribution of soil loss in this county.The results show that the soil erosion area（with the erosion stronger than mild erosion） of Xuanhua County in 2000 was 982.85 km2,accounting for 39.25% of the total area of Xuanhua County.The average soil erosion modulus was 13.92 t·hm-2·a-1,belonging to mild erosion.The steeper the slope,the more probably the strongest erosion happened.On the whole,the slope belt of 15°～25° was the belt subjected to the largest proportion of eroson.Soil erosion in Xuanhua County is mainly concentrated on the irrigation grassland and the dry land,and the soil erosion area of these two land types in Xuanhua County accounted for 93.897% of the total soil erosion area in 2000.

关 键 词：遥感 GIS RUSLE 土壤侵蚀 空间分析 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]