不同氮效率水稻的生长特性  

Characteristics of growth in rice genotypes with different nitrogen use efficiency

作　　者：叶利庭[1] 樊剑波[1] 徐晔红[1] 赵海娟[1] 图尔迪[1] 沈其荣[1] 张亚丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2010年第3期77-81,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771290;30671234);国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(09103072S)

摘　　要：以氮高效水稻4007和氮低效水稻Elio为材料,在水培条件下设置高(5.72 mmol.L-1)、低(1.43 mmol.L-1)2个供氮处理,研究2个水稻品种的籽粒产量及不同生育期的干物重、吸氮量和根系形态以及功能叶片硝酸还原酶活性(NRA)、功能叶片和根系谷氨酰胺合成酶活性(GSA)的差异。结果表明:2个处理4007的籽粒产量均高于Elio。在分蘖期,Elio的地上、下部生物量及氮积累量均大于4007,至拔节期两者差距减小,齐穗期Elio的地上部氮积累量只有4007的86.4%,且差异显著。高氮条件下,在分蘖期4007的根系特征参数显著低于Elio,而在拔节期两品种却没有显著差异,在齐穗期4007的总根长、根表面积和根尖数已经显著高于Elio。高氮处理的叶片NRA、叶片和根系GSA均显著高于低氮处理;在拔节期和齐穗期,Elio叶片NRA极显著下降,而4007叶片则保持NRA的稳定;在齐穗期4007的GSA显著高于Elio。Hydroponic experiments supplied with either high N（5.72 mmol·L-1）or deficient N（1.43 mmol·L-1）were conducted to study grain yield,the root morphology,biomass and N accumulation,nitrate reductase activity（NRA） of leaves and glutamine synthetase activity（GSA） of leaves and roots in 4007（N-efficient rice genotype）and Elio（N-inefficient rice genotype）.Results indicated that grain yield in 4007 were higher than that in Elio regardless of N supply.Both shoot and root weight of Elio were higher than those of 4007 at tillering stage,while the difference decreased in shooting stage and no difference existed at heading stage.Similar tendency existed in N content between 4007 and Elio.N content of shoot in Elio was 86.4% of that in 4007 at heading stage.Root length and root area of 4007 were significantly lower than those of Elio during tillering stage,however,4007 increased faster than Elio for these two parameters during shooting stage,and 4007 had higher root length and area at heading stage.NRA was significantly higher in high N supply than in low N supply.During shooting and heading stages,NRA of Elio decreased quickly while 4007 stayed stably,and GSA of 4007 was significantly higher than that of Elio at heading stage.These showed that the physiological activities between 4007 and Elio differed from shooting to heading stage and resulted in final production difference.

关 键 词：水稻 氮效率 根系 硝酸还原酶活性 谷氨酰胺合成酶活性 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]