基于GIS的黄土高塬沟壑区砚瓦川流域地形特征提取与分析  

Terrain Feature Extraction and Analysis of the Yanwachuan Basin in Loess Tableland-gully Region Based on GIS

作　　者：方磊[1] 刘文兆[1,2] 李怀有[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100 [3]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2010年第3期7-11,F0002,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题"高塬沟壑区农果林多元综合治理模式研究与示范"(2006BAD09B09)

摘　　要：以GIS技术为依托,研究了典型高塬沟壑区砚瓦川流域的地形分布特征。以1∶5万地形图作为信息源,矢量化等高线,并用Hutchinson方法建立DEM(ANUDEM)。从DEM中提取了坡度、剖面曲率和坡长三个地形因子,并对其特征进行了分析,同时与丘陵沟壑区相应地形因子特征进行了对比。结果显示:流域50%的面积坡度在9°以下、剖面曲率小于7,这反映出高塬沟壑区地面比较平坦的地形特点。坡长分布主要集中在10～150m,其中10m坡长分布最广。这些地形特征信息为砚瓦川流域及同类地区的生态建设与农业生产提供了有力的技术和基础数据支撑。With the using of GIS,many topographical distribution characteristics information of Yanwachuan basin which located in typical tableland-gully region can be obtained. This study extracted the contour lines from 1：50 000 topographic map firstly,and utilized Hutchinson＇s algorithm to create DEM（ANUDEM）,from which much surface morphology information such as slope,profile curvature and slope length are extracted,and their characteristic are discussed then. The results showed that 50% of the area concentrated below 9 degrees and the slope curvature less than 7,which indicated that the relatively flat area is the most distributed area. Slope length distribution mainly concentrated in 10~150 m,and 10 m is the most distributed area. The information provided a strong technology and basic data support for ecological construction and agricultural production in Yanwachuan basin and similar areas.

关 键 词：数字高程模型(DEM) 地形因子 GIS空间分析 地形特征 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]