银盐印刷胶片的抗静电方法  

Antistatic Methods of Silver Salts Graphic Arts Films

作　　者：王晓阳 刘东黎 马天如 

机构地区：[1]中国乐凯集团公司第二胶片厂,南阳473003

出　　处：《影像技术》2010年第3期26-28,共3页Image Technology

摘　　要：银盐印刷胶片对抗静电剂的要求是不能影响卤化银的照相性能,不能破坏胶片的防粘连、防染料转移的特性,并且自身无色透明。抗静电剂可以分为导电型(离子导电型、电子导电型)物质和抑制静电荷产生的物质两大类。离子导电依赖环境湿度,有诸多缺陷:吸收潮气、寒冷干燥条件下失效等;电子导电不受外界影响,但在掺杂使用时,用量与胶之比要求最小临界量。但电子导电型抗静电剂自身固有颜色,或黑或蓝,都是印刷胶片所不能允许的。抑制明胶产生电荷的物质主要是含氟聚合物,能够调整明胶层的起电电序,在摩擦过程中,抑制胶片产生静电。含氟表面活性剂由于相对与乳剂容易混溶,从而成为优选的印刷胶片抗静电剂。Antistatic agents used in silver salts graphic arts films should not affect the photographic properties of silver halides and not destroy the anti-sticking and preventing dye-transfer characteristics;moreover,they should be colorless and transparent.Antistatic agents may be classified into two categories： ion or electron conductors and static charge inhibitors.Ion conductors rely upon the environment humidity,they absorb the moist and loss their effect in dry,cold climates;electron conductors are effective in all environment conditions but they are themselves black or blue,thus cannot be used in graphic films.Static charge inhibitors effective in gelatin are mainly polymers containing fluorine,they adjust the charge evolution order in the gelatin layer,thus inhibit the formation of static electricity on the film during the friction.Surfactants containing fluorine are rather easily miscible with the emulsion,consequently are adequate antistatic agents for graphic arts films.

关 键 词：银盐 静电 含氟表面活性剂 胶片 抗静电剂 

分 类 号：TQ577.26[化学工程—精细化工] TQ572.499