南极长城站(1985—2008)和中山站(1989—2008)地面温度变化  

TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS AT THE GREAT WALL STATION (1985—2008) AND ZHONGSHAN STATION (1989—2008),ANTARCTIC

作　　者：卞林根[1] 马永锋[1] 逯昌贵[1] 陆龙骅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《极地研究》2010年第1期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAB18B05);IPY中国行动计划项目资助

摘　　要：利用长城站1985—2008年和中山站1989—2008年逐月气温资料,分析了两站短期气候特征及其变化趋势,评估了两站地面温度观测资料的代表性。结果表明,长城站和别林斯高晋站同期的年平均温度均为-2.1℃,温度趋势变化速率分别为0.27℃/10a.和0.33℃/10a,呈现出南极半岛具有明显的气候变暖趋势。中山站和戴维斯站的同期温度变化速率分别为0.12℃/10a.和0.07℃/10a,显示的气候变暖趋势不明显。两站温度变化趋势与邻近站相比基本相似,表明两站观测的温度资料具有南极乔治王岛和东南极沿岸区的代表性。长城站四季平均气温都呈上升趋势,且秋季增温速率最大,冬季次之,其它季节不明显。中山站春季和冬季具有降温趋势,秋季和夏季具有升温倾向,其中以秋季升温趋势和冬季降温趋势最为显著。Chinese Antarctic Great Wall Station（GW） and Zhongshan Station（ZS） have been set up for 25 and 20 years respectively. The variations and trends of monthly, seasonal and annual mean air temperature for both stations are presented by surface meteorological observation data. The warming rate of annual mean temperature is 0.27 ℃/10 a and 0.12 ℃/10 a respectively for GW and ZS. The trend of GW is relatively similar with the rate 0.33 ℃/10 a of Bellingshausen station about 3km away from GW. It means that the warming trend is significant in the King George Island region. The trend of ZS is less different from the rate 0.07 ℃/10 a of Davis Station which is about 100km away from ZS. It shows that the warming trend is less significant over the East Antarctic coast region. The variation trends of observed surface air temperature in the short term and long term at GW and ZS are quite similar with that in the adjacent stations. It shows that locations and the surface meteorological observation at both stations are representative over Antarctic King George Island region and East Antarctic coast region.

关 键 词：南极 长城站 中山站 地面气温 气候变化 

分 类 号：P423.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]