17年生杂种落叶松遗传变异及优良家系选择  

Genetic Variation of 17-year-old Hybrid Larch and Its Superior Family Selection

作　　者：邓继峰[1] 张含国[1] 张磊[1] 贯春雨[1] 张磊 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第1期8-11,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局重点项目(2006-37);国家科技支撑重大项目(2006BAD01A1401-01);黑龙江省重大科技攻关项目(GA08B201-01)

摘　　要：以黑龙江省林口县青山实验林场17年生杂种落叶松自由授粉家系子代测定林为对象,测定其树高、胸径、材积与基本密度,估算各性状的变异系数、相关系数、遗传力及遗传增益,以筛选生长和材质兼优的家系。结果表明:树高、胸径和材积都存在较大变异,变异系数分别为13.3%、22.5%和49.0%,基本密度变异系数为9.1%;树高、胸径、材积和基本密度4个性状家系间都存在显著差异,家系遗传力分别为94.2%、92.1%、92.7%和30.8%,生长性状受较强的遗传控制,基本密度遗传力稍低;树高、胸径、材积与基本密度间的遗传相关系数分别为-0.093、-0.140、-0.159,呈微弱负相关,但相关不显著,可以进行独立选择。通过对10个家系的生长性状分析,选出了日3×兴2和兴7×日77-2生长性状优良的2个家系,在20%的入选率下,树高、胸径、材积其遗传增益分别为9.4%、17.3%、42.3%。基本密度较大的家系是兴7×日77-2,在10%的入选率下,家系遗传增益为3.3%。综合生长和密度性状,确定兴7×日77-2家系为优良家系。家系兴7×日77-2高出对照均值:树高15.1%、胸径23.1%、材积49.5%、基本密度4.1%;高出家系均值:树高5.4%、胸径5.0%、材积16.6%、木材密度4.4%。A study was conducted to analyze tree height,diameter at breast height(DBH),volume,and basic density of ten families from 17-year-old hybrid larch progeny testing forests in Linkou County,Heilongjiang Province.Superior families were selected in terms of the estimated coefficient of variation of all traits,correlation coefficients,heritability,and genetic gain.Results show that there are abundant variations in the above four characters between and within families,and coefficients of variation for tree height,DBH,and volume were 13.3%,22.5%,and 49.0%,and that of the basic density was 9.1%.There are significant differences between these characters within families,and the family heritability for height,DBH,volume,and basic density were 97.0%,96.0%,92.7%,30.8% respectively.Growth traits are strongly controlled by genetic factors and the basic density are weakly controlled.Genetic correlation coefficients between tree height,DBH,volume and basic density were-0.093,-0.140 and-0.159,therefore,these characters could be selected independently due to their weak negative correlations.Under the selection rate of 20%,two elite families,Japan 3×xing'an2 and xing'an7×Japan77-2,were screened out from 10 families according to the growth traits,and the genetic gains of tree height,DBH,and volume were 9.4%,17.3% and 42.3% respectively.Under the selection rate of 10%,the family xing'an7×Japan77-2 exhibited the highest basic density,with a genetic gain of 3.3%.Xing'an7×Japan77-2 was finally considered to be a superior family judged by both growth traits and basic density,whose height,diameter,volume,and basic density were 15.1%,76.9%,49.5%,and 4.1% higher than those of the control,and 5.4%,5.0%,55.5%,and 4.4% higher than those of the average values of families respectively.

关 键 词：落叶松 自由授粉家系 生长性状 基本密度 家系选择 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]