湘西北小流域不同植被恢复模式土壤养分库效应  

Soil Nutrient Pools in a Watershed,Northwest Hunan Province Under Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns

作　　者：漆良华[1] 周金星[2] 张旭东[2] 彭镇华[2] 朱平[1] 

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤网络中心,北京100102 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第2期38-41,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家“十一五”林业科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A16)

摘　　要：研究了湘西北女儿寨小流域马尾松天然林(Ⅰ)、杉木人工林(Ⅱ)、杜仲人工林(Ⅲ)、油桐人工林(Ⅳ)、润楠次生林(Ⅴ)、毛竹杉木混交林(Ⅵ)及荒草灌丛(Ⅶ)等7种典型植被恢复模式土壤养分库含量、养分库有效性指数以及土壤团聚体分形维数和平均重量直径对养分库有效性的影响。结果表明:土壤养分库表聚效应明显,不同植被恢复模式全氮、水解氮质量分数为0.57×10-3～2.52×10-3、29.63×10-6～134.40×10-6,全磷、速效磷为0.02×10-3～0.12×10-3、0.93×10-6～14.55×10-6,速效钾为21.38×10-6～202.23×10-6;润楠次生林全氮、全磷、速效磷质量分数最高,杉木人工林水解氮质量分数最高,油桐人工林速效钾质量分数最高;森林植被模式下土壤养分库有效性指数均高于荒草灌丛,排序为EⅥ(1.2981)>EⅣ(1.2855)>EⅤ(1.2322)>EⅡ(1.2141)>EⅢ(1.2011)>EⅠ(1.1986)>EⅦ(1.1746);土壤团聚体分形维数与碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾均呈负相关,且与速效钾的相关关系达到显著水平(α=0.10);平均重量直径与碱解氮、速效磷为负相关,与速效钾为弱正相关,但均未达到显著水平;分形维数与速效钾之间线性回归关系极显著(R2=0.4901,p=0.0053),分形维数、平均重量直径与碱解氮、速效钾之间的通用线性方程也达到极显著(R2=0.6644,p=0.0014)和较显著(R2=0.4091,p=0.0426)。An experiment was conducted to study the nutrient contents and effective indexes of soil nutrient pools and the effects of fractal dimensions of soil aggregates and mean weight diameter on the availability of soil nutrient pools in Nüerzhai watershed in the northwest of Hunan Province under seven typical vegetation restoration patterns,including Pinus massoniana natural forest（Ⅰ）,Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation（Ⅱ）,Eucommia ulmoides plantation（Ⅲ）,Vernicia fordii plantation（Ⅳ）,Machilus pingii secondary forest（Ⅴ）,Phyllostachys edulis-C.lanceolata mixed forest（Ⅵ）,and wasteland-shrub（Ⅶ）.Results show that the nutrient content of soil nutrient pool content is higher in the soil layer of 0～20cm than in the soil layer of 20～40cm.For different patterns and different soil layers,the contents of total nitrogen（TN）,available nitrogen（AN）,total phosphorus（TP）,available phosphorus（AP）,and available potassium（AK）were 0.57～2.52g/kg,29.63～134.40mg/kg,0.02～0.12g/kg,0.93～14.55mg/kg,and 21.38～202.23mg/kg respectively.Plantation Ⅴ exhibited the highest contents of TN,TP and AP,and Ⅱ,Ⅳ had the highest contents of AN and AK.Compared with wasteland-shrub（Ⅶ）,the effective indexes of other six soil nutrient pools were higher,showing an increasing order of EⅥ（1.2981）〉EⅣ（1.2855）〉EⅤ（1.2322）〉EⅡ（1.2141）〉EⅢ（1.2011）〉EⅠ（1.1986）〉EⅦ（1.1746）.Fractal dimension of soil aggregates is negatively correlated with the contents of AN and AP,and highly negatively correlated with AK（α=0.10）.Mean weight diameter is also negatively correlated with the contents of AN and AP,and slightly positively correlated with AK.There is a good linear relationship between D and AK（R2=0.4901,p=0.0053）,and good generation linear models between mean weight diameter and AN（R2=0.6644,p=0.0014）,AK（R2=0.4091,p=0.0426）.

关 键 词：植被恢复模式 土壤养分库 土壤团聚体 小流域 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]