合肥市不同类型城市森林树种多样性比较  

Comparison of Species Diversity of Different Urban Forest Types in Hefei City

作　　者：许克福[1] 吴泽民[1] 陈家龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,合肥230036

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2010年第3期26-30,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A06)

摘　　要：采用样方调查方法,分析了合肥市城市森林树种组成及乡土树种应用情况,并选择市内公园、环城林带、高校校园、住宅区及近郊风景林5个不同类型城市森林,比较其树种组成及相似性,计算了树种重要值、物种多样性、均匀度。结果表明:合肥市城市森林有树种241种,乡土树种应用率40.7%;市内公园树种最多(156种),其它依次为高校校园(113种)、环城林带(70种)、住宅区(61种);近郊风景林最低(21种);各类型乔木树种比例均高于灌木。不同类型城市森林树种相似性总体较低。在市内各类型城市森林中,公园与校园的树种相似性程度最高(0.5),其次为公园与环城林带(0.32)、公园与住宅区(0.30),公园与近郊风景林最低(0.05),其它类型之间树种组成相似性均<0.4。Shannon-Winner多样性指数排序为:环城林带(3.7)>高校校园林(3.3)>市内公园林(2.8)>近郊风景林(2.5)>住宅区绿地(2.1);均匀度值排序为:环城林带(1.03)>住宅区绿地(0.93)>高校校园林(0.81)>近郊风景林(0.80)。环城林带的群落特征优于其它类型的城市森林,近郊风景林群落特征并不优于其它城市森林,有许多乡土树种尚未为城市绿化所应用。城市森林树种构成的自然度较低,应注重当地次生林冠层乔木树种的利用。Five urban forest types,inner city park,ring woodland,university campus,resident area,and scenic forest in near suburb,were selected to study the species importance value,Shannon-Winner diversity index,species evenness of different urban forest types based on investigation of species composition and native species planted in urban forests in Hefei City. There are 241 tree species in urban forests,and the proportion of native tree species is 40.7%. City park has the most tree species （156）,followed by university campus （113）,ring woodland （70）,resident area （61）,and scenic forest in near suburb （21）. Similarity index between city park and university campus is the highest（0.5）,then followed by city park and ring woodland （0.32）,city park and resident area （0.30）,city park and scenic forest in near suburb （0.05）. Species similarity index between other types is less than 0.4. Shannon-Winner diversity for different types is in the order of ring woodland （3.7）,university campus （3.3）,city park （2.8）,scenic forest in near suburb （2.5）,resident area （2.1） from high to low. Species evenness exhibits ring woodland （1.03） 〉resident area （0.93）〉 University campus （0.81） 〉scenic forest in near suburb （0.80）〉 city park （0.61）. Community characters of the ring woodland are better than those of the others. However,some native arbor species which have excellent greening characteristics have not been employed as urban forest composition,and natural level of species structure for urban forest is low. The application of native arbor tree species to city afforestation in local secondary forests should be paid more attention.

关 键 词：树种组成 树种多样性 城市森林类型 合肥市 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]