温度及土壤含水量对冬小麦生长习性及返青率的影响  

Effect of temperature and soil moisture on winter wheat morphogenesis and overwinter survival rate

作　　者：于晶[1] 孟健男[1] 曾俨[1] 苍晶[1] 李卓夫[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2010年第5期9-13,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：东北农业大学创新团队项目(CXZ003);东北农业大学科学研究基金项目(2008)

摘　　要：以抗寒性不同的冬小麦品种＂东农冬麦1号＂和＂济麦22＂为试验材料,研究土壤含水量及低温交叉逆境下两个材料的生长习性及返青情况。结果表明,生长习性与温度及土壤含水量无关,在不同温度及不同土壤含水量下东农冬麦1号植株均匍匐于地面生长,济麦22均直立于地面生长;返青率与土壤含水量及温度直接相关,含水量在25%左右最适于返青,随着经历低温时间的延长及温度的降低,返青率略有下降,幅度在60%~100%。在一定幅度范围内,温度与返青率呈极显著正相关,含水量与返青率呈负相关。研究结果可为指导大田冬小麦封冻前及春季返青前浇灌提供理论依据。Chilling and soil moisture are two ecological factors causing environmental stress in plants.The present work is aimed to study the influence of the two stress conditions in two varieties of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）（Dongnongdongmai1,cold tolerant;Jimai22,semitolerant to coldness）.The results showed that various levels of soil moisture and temperature had little affect in morphogenesis,Dongnongdongmai1 had a prostrate growth habit but Jimai22 kept upright;In contrast,the overwinter survival rate were directly related to soil moisture and temperature,25% of soil moisture was the most suitable for wheat growth,there was a slight decline in overwinter survival rate in the range of 60%-100% during the temperature decrease and extension of time.The overwinter survival rate was negatively correlated with water content and temperature in our experimental range.It may provide a theoretical basis to field irrigation before and during winter.

关 键 词：冬小麦 温度 土壤含水量 生长习性 返青率 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]