害虫声音监测技术研究进展  

Review on Monitoring Technology of the Insect Acoustic

作　　者：韦雪青[1] 温俊宝[1] 赵源吉[1] 许志春[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第5期147-154,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：北京市教委科研基地共建项目;北京市科技计划项目林果安全生产综合配套技术研究与示范(D0705002040291);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划城市生态林病虫监测技术研究(2006BAD08A1003);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT0607)

摘　　要：声音监测作为一种简单、实用、有效的害虫监测预报手段,正日益受到重视。其原理是将采集到的声音信号变成电信号,对其进行放大处理,通过电子过滤器纯化、提取出昆虫发出的声音,根据声音频率、信号脉冲值的特征值确定昆虫的种类和数量。昆虫通过2种途径发出声音,一种是其发声器自身发出的声音,另一种是其取食、运动、通讯时与外界介质摩擦产生的声音。目前对声音监测技术的研究主要是针对不同类群昆虫发声器所发出声音的研究,包括对农产品害虫和非农产品害虫(如森林害虫、地下害虫)的研究。而对昆虫摩擦发声的研究较少,不仅因为各种噪声(传感器噪声、环境噪声、信号噪声等)的干扰,更因为这种声音极易被模拟,当同一木段内有不同种害虫同时危害时,目标昆虫摩擦发声的有用信号极易被掩蔽,难于分辨其特有的声信息。本文介绍害虫声音监测技术的研究历史及进展,包括对农产品害虫和非农产品害虫(如水果钻蛀性害虫、森林害虫、地下害虫)的研究,扼要分析不同昆虫类群的声音探测技术的优势及存在的问题,提出相关的解决策略和今后研究的重点。As a simple,practical and available measurement for pest monitoring and forecasting pest occurrence,sound monitoring is attracting increasing attention. By means of transforming the acoustic signals into electrical signals,purifying and extracting the sound of insects through an electronic filter,and amplifying the signals,the species and quantity of the insects were able to determined according to the sound frequency,the signal pulse and the characteristic values. Insects sound in two ways： one from the sounding apparatus itself; the other out of friction with the medium in its actions such as feeding,exercising and communication. Currently,the sound monitoring research is mainly on the audible sound emitted by the sounding apparatus of different insect groups,including the study of agricultural pests and non - agricultural pests （such as forest pests,soil pests）. There are few studies about the sound of insect frictions,because it is susceptible to interference of the sensor noise,environmental noise and signal noise,and it can easily be simulated,there for,the useful signals are often masked,which brings about difficulties to distinguish the specific sound information of insects. In this paper,on the basis of introducing the history and progress of studies on monitoring technology of insect sound,at home and abroad,we briefly analyze the advantages and problems of sound monitoring technology for different insect groups and propose the relevant strategy of solution and the focus of the study in the future.

关 键 词：害虫 声音监测 噪声 频率 

分 类 号：S763.306.6[农业科学—森林保护学]