储层岩石破裂诱发微粒运移损害实验研究  

Study on the Reservoir Damage by Particle Migration Induced by Rock Fracturing.

作　　者：陈金辉[1] 康毅力[1] 游利军[1] 杜新龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室.西南石油大学

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2010年第3期17-19,22,共4页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

基　　金：国家重大专项"低渗透油气田储层保护技术"(2008ZX05022-04);四川省杰出青年学科带头人培养基金项目(07ZQ026-113);中国石油天然气集团公司应用基础研究项目(07A20402);西南石油大学石油工程学院2007-2008本科生创新基金

摘　　要：在油气井射孔和水力压裂过程中储层岩石发生破裂,可能诱发岩石微粒的分散运移,造成速敏损害,影响油气田的最终采收率。选用露头岩样分别进行了基块、干式与湿式破裂岩样的对比性速敏实验,证实了岩石破裂过程显著增加了速敏损害程度和发生机会。研究表明,干式破裂岩样微粒运移程度中等偏强,湿式破裂岩样微粒运移程度强;相同破裂方式裂缝岩样,裂缝宽度越大,微粒运移程度越强;岩石破裂导致微粒之间连接力减弱是诱发微粒运移的力学机理,地层水对岩石强度的弱化作用加剧了微粒运移的程度;岩样中含有易发生微粒运移的蒙皂石、伊/蒙间层、石英和方解石等矿物是岩石破裂诱发微粒运移的潜在地质因素。对于岩石强度较差的储层,采用负压射孔和优选压裂支撑剂粒级有助于弱化微粒运移损害的负面影响。Reservoir rocks fracture during perforation and hydraulic fracturing,resulting in particle migration and hence a damage to the reservoir.Comparison was done in laboratory experiments using outcrops to test the influence of flow velocity to the production potential of fractured rocks.The results show that for dry fractured samples,flow velocity has moderate to strong influence on the production potential of the sample.For wet fractured rocks,in the same fracturing mode,the wider the fractures,the more intense the particle migration.Adhesion in the rocks is reduced because of rock fracturing,hence resulting in particle migration.Formation water weakens these rocks and further accelerates particle migration.Smectite,illite/ smectite mixed layers,quartz and calcite presented in formations are the main minerals providing particles for migration.It is suggested that a under balanced perforation and optimization of fracturing fluid and proppant size distribution be adopted in minimizing the damage caused by particle migration.

关 键 词：岩石破裂 微粒运移 速敏 水力压裂 射孔 

分 类 号：TE258[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]