浙江天童受损常绿阔叶林实验生态学研究(Ⅵ):不同干扰下植被恢复初期主要优势种叶性状及其生态适应  

Experimental ecology research on destroyed evergreen broad-leaved forests in TNFP,Zhejiang(Ⅳ):Leaf traits and ecological adaptation of five main dominant species during the early stage of restoration after different disturbances

作　　者：康敏明[1] 张奇平[1] 杜璟[1] 沈沉沉[1] 达良俊[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062 [2]浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,浙江宁波315114 [3]华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期26-38,共13页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：华东师范大学"211工程"三期重点学科建设子项目;宁波市科技局项目(2007C10059);杭州市科技发展计划(20081433B05)

摘　　要：以浙江天童国家森林公园人工模拟受损常绿阔叶林样地为研究地点,分析了不同干扰下(择伐大树、清理下木、皆伐、皆伐及去除表土层)植被恢复初期5种主要优势树种最大净光合速率(Amax,net photosynthesis based on area)、比叶面积(SLA,specific leaf area)和叶片氮、磷含量(N,P,leaf nitrogen and phosphor concentration)等叶性状,以期揭示不同树种对干扰的生态适应性.结果表明:(1)干扰后光照强度的增加导致叶片SLA降低,Amax和叶N含量增加;(2)表土层的去除使得土壤磷有效性的减少,从而导致叶P含量的下降,但对Amax的影响较小;(3)高Amax,SLA以及叶N,P含量的落叶树种山鸡椒(Litsea cubeba)具有很强的资源获取能力和高的生产力,从而在植被恢复早期占据竞争优势.木荷(Schima superba)叶N,P含量最低,但在不同干扰下Amax都高于其他常绿树种,且与叶N含量之间存在具有显著正相关性.干扰样地中石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)叶N含量较对照显著增加,并维持在较高水平,与Amax存在显著正相关性,且其叶片抵御强光伤害的能力较强.米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)的Amax,SLA,叶N,P含量均为中等水平,其Amax和SLA对环境具有较强的可塑性,但叶N含量在各样地中较为稳定.栲树(Castanopsis fargesii)的叶性状可塑性较差,Amax小,且利用高光强的能力弱.The maximum of net photosynthesis based on area（Amax）,specific leaf area （SLA）,and leaf nitrogen and phosphor concentration（N,P） of 5 main dominant species under 4 different degradation plots（removing trees,H8 m;removing trees,H8 m;removing all above -ground plant;removing all above-ground plant and 0-10 cm depth surface soil） were studied in Tiantong National Forest Park,Zhejiang province,China.The main results as follows.（1） Amax increased and SLA decreased along disturbance levels.（2） The low content of soil available P in plotⅢ（removing all above-ground plant and 0-10 cm depth surface soil） caused the significant declining of leaf P concentration.（3） Different main woody species owned different ecological adaptation to disturbance.Deciduous Litsea cubeba grew fast and dominated at the early stage of restoration with higher Amax,SLA,leaf N and P concentration.Schima superba had low leaf N and P concentration,while its Amax was high and had significant positive relationship with Amax..Lithocarpus glaber had high leaf N concentration in degradation plots,which maintained at higher degree and was related positive with Amax significantly,and had high ability of defending leaf against high light.Castanopsis carlesii had medium Amax,SLA,leaf N and P concentration;its Amax and SLA had high plasticity,while leaf N concentration was steady. Castanopsis fargesii had low Amax and ability of the utilization of high light.

关 键 词：常绿阔叶林 恢复 最大光合速率 比叶面积 叶氮磷含量 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]