地膜覆盖栽培甜菜光合与呼吸等作用基本特征  

Characteristics of Photosynthesis and Respiration Rate of Sugar Beet Ground covered with Plastic

作　　者：危常州[1] 刘日明[1] 勾玲[1] 吴存刚[1] 肖华[1] 朱继正[1] 钟永红[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆作物高产研究中心,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国甜菜糖业》1999年第1期4-8,共5页China Beet & Sugar

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目!"200万t甜菜高产高糖综合配套技术开发研究"

摘　　要：在大田自然条件下，研究了地膜覆盖栽培的甜菜光合、呼吸、蒸腾作用的基本特性和测试方法。结果表明：地膜覆盖栽培的甜菜不同叶位光合速率、呼吸速率、蒸腾强度明显不同，其中净光合强度、呼吸速率、蒸腾强度以倒8叶最大，变异系数最小，可以作为光合、呼吸、蒸腾作用测定的代表性部位。地膜覆盖栽培的甜菜光合、呼吸强度晴天日变化为双峰曲线，净光合强度（NPn）第一峰大于第二峰，上午大于下午，第一峰出现在13：00时左右，第二峰出现在17：00时左右。午休最严重时出现在14：00时。蒸腾强度（Tr）呈单峰曲线，峰值出现在15：00时左右。光合强度（Pn）、NPn值受光合有效辐射量（PAR）影响明显，呼吸强度（Rs）受PAR、温度（T）影响均很明显，Tr值与T、PAR间均达到极显著相关，但与T的相关系数更大。试验还对大田条件下地膜覆盖栽培甜菜的光合、蒸腾等作用的测试技术进行了探讨。The measuring methods and characteristics of net photosynthesis rate (NPn. ),apparent photosynthesis rate (Pn. ),respiration rate (Rs) and transpiration rate (Tr. ) were studied under meteorological conditions of sugar beetground -covered with plastic in Shihezi region,north Xinjiang. The results indicated that there were significant difference among different leaf position in NPn,Pn,Tr and Rs. It appeared that NPn.,Tr.,Rs. rate is highest in the 8th whole-expanded leaf from top and the variation is lowest so it was chosen as the specified measuring leaf. Photosynthesis rate and Respiration rate appeared to be a double peak curve during a day,the first peak appeared around 1 p. m. and the second peak appeared aroud 5 p. m.. Photosynthesis and Respiration rate was higher in the morming than afternoon. The transpiration rate appeared to be a single peak curve during a day,and the maximum value appeared at 3 p. m.. It was also found that NPn, Pn value were only significantly influenced by PAR, but Tr. and Rs. were significantly affected by both PAR and temperature (T ) whereas Tr. had bigger coefficient index with T than with PAR and Rs had bigger coefficient index with PAR than with T. The measuring techniques about Pn,Tr and Rs in meteorological conditions of sugar beet ground covered with plastic were probed in the paper.

关 键 词：甜菜 地膜覆盖 呼吸 蒸腾 测试 光合作用 栽培 

分 类 号：S566.304[农业科学—作物学] S566.301