缺磷胁迫对大豆根系形态和氮磷吸收积累的影响  

Impact of Phosphorus Deficiency Stress on Root Morphology, Nitrogen Concentration and Phosphorus Accumulation of Soybean(Glycine max L.)

作　　者：王树起[1,2] 韩晓增[1] 严君[1] 李晓慧[1] 乔云发[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第3期644-650,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX1-YW-09-09;KSCX2-YW-N-002;KZCX2-YW-407);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD21B01)资助

摘　　要：采用砂培培养方法研究了缺磷胁迫对大豆根系形态和氮磷吸收积累的影响,结果表明:缺磷胁迫促进了大豆根系的生长,根长、根表面积、根体积等均比正常供磷条件下增加,从而增大了大豆根系对磷的吸收利用。大豆植株体内总氮含量随着营养液中磷水平的增加而增加,缺磷抑制了大豆对氮磷的吸收利用,不同器官中的氮磷含量,籽粒中最高,根瘤中的氮含量显著高于地上部和根,表明根瘤是氮素贮存的一个主要场所;不同磷处理间,无磷与高磷以及低磷与高磷处理间均达到了5%的显著差异。缺磷胁迫增加了大豆的磷素吸收效率,而降低了大豆的磷素利用效率,这是大豆对缺磷胁迫的一种适应机制。A sand experiment was conducted to study the effects of phosphorus deficiency stress on root morphology, total nitrogen concentration and phosphorus accumulation in soybean （Glycine max L.） at glassroom condition. The results showed that phosphorus deficiency stress improved root growth which embody in root length, root surfacearea and root volume all increased compared with normal phosphorus supplying so that the uptake of soybean roots for phosphorus was increased. The total nitrogen concentration in soybean plant increased with the concentration of P in supplying nutrient solution. While phosphorus deficiency restrained the absorption of soybean for N and P, N and P content in grain was the highest than that in other organs of soybean, and N concentration in nodule was higher than that in shoot and root, suggested that nodule was a main site for nitrogen reserving. There was significant difference between no P and high P treatment, and low P and high P treatment （P5%）. Phosphorus deficiency enhanced the efficiency of P absorption while made the efficiency of P utilization dropped compared with normal P supplying, this is an adaptation mechanism of soybean to phosphorus deficiency.

关 键 词：低磷胁迫 根系形态 总氮量 磷积累 磷效率 大豆 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]