从废钒催化剂中回收钒的实验研究  

Study on recovery of vanadium from waste catalyst containing vanadium

作　　者：景中建[1] 郝喜才[2] 

机构地区：[1]开封大学化学工程学院,河南开封475004 [2]开封大学五年制专科部

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2010年第6期55-57,共3页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

摘　　要：对废钒催化剂中钒的回收大都采用还原酸浸法,在还原酸浸法的基础上,对浸钒、提钒等环节进行了改进。考察了以P204-TBP-煤油溶液为萃取液提钒的最佳工艺条件:磨碎至385μm左右的废钒催化剂经水浸和还原酸浸,其浸出液在水相pH为1.7时用0.7 mol/L P204-7%TBP-煤油溶液萃取,在浸取时间为6 min条件下,经4级萃取,钒的萃取率达99.3%;当反萃取剂硫酸质量浓度为135 g/L、反萃时间为15 min条件下,经3级反萃取,钒的反萃取率达99.5%。在此工艺条件下,制备出的五氧化二钒产品质量优于GB 3283—1987冶金99级五氧化二钒标准,钒回收率达91.7%以上。研究结果表明:用P204从废钒催化剂的还原酸浸液中萃取钒,能有效地避免由于废催化剂中砷、磷含量高给最终产品五氧化二钒带来的危害,且由于在低电位下萃取,也确保了对铁的纯化。Recovery of vanadium from waste vanadium catalyst mostly adopted acid leaching reduction method. On the basis of this method, the steps of soaking vanadium and extracting vanadium were improved. Optimal process conditions of the recovery of vanadium using solution of P204 -TBP -kerosene as extraction liquid had been investigated,which are：after grinded down to about 385 um, waste vanadium catalyst was soaked by water and reductic acid respectively; it＇s lixivium with pH of 1.7 in the phase of water was extracted by solution of 0.7 mol/L P204 - 7% TBP - kerosene ; extraction rate of vanadium reached 99.3 % by four steps of extraction for 6 min ; back-extraction rate of vanadium reached 99.5 % by three steps of back-extraction when time of back-extraction was 15 min and mass concentration of back extractant sulfuric acid was 135 g/L. Quality of vanadium pentoxide （V205 ） gained under those conditions was better than the MB99 Vanadium Pentoxide Standard of GB 3283--1987 and recovery rate of vanadium was above 91.7%. Research results indicated that using P204 to extract vanadium from reductic acid soaking solution of waste vanadium catalyst can not only effectively prevent damage to the final products of V2 O5 due to high content of arsenic and phosphorus in waste catalyst,but also iron purification was ensured because of extracting at low electric potential.

关 键 词：五氧化二钒 废钒催化剂 萃取 

分 类 号：TQ135.11[化学工程—无机化工]