艾比湖大白鹭的繁殖及雏鸟生长发育模式  

Breeding ecology and nestling growth pattern of Egretta alba alba in Ebinur of Xinjiang

作　　者：胡宝文[1] 马鸣[1] 热合曼·阿曼江 克德尔汗·巴亚恒 陈莹[1,2] 丁鹏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]新疆艾比湖湿地国家级自然保护区管理局,新疆博乐833400

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第6期1203-1207,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2008BAC39B04);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470262和30970340)

摘　　要：2009年3—10月对新疆艾比湖大白鹭(Egretta alba alba)的巢、卵及雏鸟的生长发育模式进行了研究。结果表明,大白鹭的巢基厚度大于巢深(t=6.06,P<0.01),巢外径远大于巢内径(t=21.53,P<0.01),其目的是增加巢的稳定性和减少幼鸟跌出巢外的概率;窝卵数3～5枚(3.86±0.69),卵重44.00～60.00g(53.94±3.96),卵体积47.18～62.00cm3(55.19±4.09);双亲孵卵(26～28d),共同育雏(55～60d)。测量了4巢13雏26日龄以内的生长发育数据,并利用Gompertz方程对雏鸟的主要生长指标进行拟合,拟合结果将雏鸟生长发育划分为3个阶段:1)器官形成,生长速度准备加快的时期;2)物质积累,生长速度加快并逐渐过渡到中速时期;3)由物质积累逐渐过渡到物质消耗大于积累,生长速度较慢,雏鸟准备出飞。From March to October 2009, an investigation was made on the characteristics of nests and eggs as well as the nestling growth pattern of Egretta alba alba in Ebinur （Aibi Lake） of Xinjiang. The thickness of E. alba alba nest fundus was greater than nest depth （ t = 6.06, P〈 0. 01 ）, and the outside diameter of the nests was greater than inside diameter （t = 21.53, P〈 0. 01 ）, which guaranteed the nest stability and reduced the probability of nestling falling off the nests. The clutch size was 3-5 eggs （3.86±0. 69）, with the egg weight and cubage being 44.00 -60.00 （53.94±3.96） g and 47.18-62. 00 （55.19±4.09） cm^3, respectively. Two parent birds were responsible for the incubation （26-28 d） and parents care （55-60 d）. Gompertz equation was used to fit the 26-day-old growth pattern of 13 nestlings in 4 nests, which showed that the nestling growth could be divided into three phases. First, the organs of nestling came into being and the growth rate was going to increase. Second, as a phase of matter accumulation, the growth rate had a great increase and gradually transited to mid-rate. Third, matter consumption gradually exceeded matter accumulation, and young birds began to fly.

关 键 词：大白鹭 繁殖生态 生长模型 艾比湖 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]