2株塔里木盆地土壤放线菌发酵产物抑菌作用初探  

Antifungal Activity and Control Effects of the Fermentation Products Produced by Two Soil Actinomycete Strains from Tarim Basin

作　　者：李永强[1] 杨建飞[1] 张平[1] 冯俊涛[1] 张兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心/陕西省生物农药工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期83-87,共5页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关重大专项资助项目(2002BA516A04)

摘　　要：通过离体和活体法测定了土壤放线菌Y3和Y5菌株对病原真菌的抑菌活性和室内药效.菌丝生长速率法测定结果表明菌株Y3发酵液对20种病原真菌中的13种有一定抑制作用,其中对油菜菌核病菌菌丝生长抑制效果最佳,抑制率为95.6%;组织法测定结果表明发酵液对油菜菌核相对防效为93.4%.菌株Y5发酵液对20种病原真菌中的19种菌丝生长有抑制作用,其中对10种菌丝生长抑制率均大于60%,对辣椒疫霉病菌抑制效果最佳,菌丝生长抑制率和孢子萌发抑制率分别为98.7%和90.3%.对这株菌的盆栽法测定表明发酵液对辣椒疫病具有一定的保护和治疗效果,相对防效分别为57.4%和50.3%.说明菌株Y3和Y5有进一步深入研究和开发的价值.In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to study the antifungal activity of the fermentation filtrate of actinomycete strains Y3 and Y5 against plant pathogens.Determination of mycelium growth rate showed that Y3 inhibited the growth of 13 of the 20 pathogenic fungi studied,especially the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,with an inhibition rate of 90%.Tissue culture test showed that the efficacy of Y3 against S.sclerotiorum was higher than 90%.In contrast,strain Y5 showed a more wide antimicrobial spectrum,in which 10 plant pathogens were considerably inhibited and the other 9 plant pathogens were weakly affected.Further study indicated the effects of strain Y5 on the mycelium growth and spore germination of Phytophthora capsici were obviously strong,being 98.7% and 90.3%,respectively.In a pot test the prevention and cure efficacy of Y3 and Y5 against P.capsici was 57.4% and 50.0%,respectively,thus indicating that the two actinomycete strains Y3 and Y5 were worth further studying and developing.

关 键 词：土壤放线菌 油菜菌核病菌 辣椒疫霉病菌 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]