绿洲分布比例的分形研究  

Fractal study of the distribution proportion of the oasis system in China

作　　者：李建林[1,2] 王燕[3] 郭巧玲[1] 冯起[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作454003 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]河南理工大学理化学院,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《草业学报》2010年第3期63-69,共7页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰青基金(40725001);国家自然科学基金(40671010);河南理工大学博士基金(B2009-28)资助

摘　　要：天然绿洲是绿洲系统不可或缺的组成要素,它的存在与否对人工绿洲生态环境的稳定和可持续发展有重要影响。以人工绿洲占整个绿洲面积的百分比(PAO)量化人工绿洲与天然绿洲的分布比例,在新疆全自治区87个县(市)绿洲景观统计资料的基础上,利用分形理论分析了PAO的分布特征。得到以下结果:1)PAO的分布具有分形的特征,其分形维数可看作绿洲演化的动态参数。随着绿洲演化的发展,PAO的分维值逐步减小;2)建立了PAO的分形维数与期望之间的函数关系,由此得到PAO分形维数的范围为0～1.708,PAO期望的范围为0～85.02%,即预留的天然绿洲的面积最少应在15%左右;3)现阶段新疆自治区绿洲PAO的分形维数为0.537,PAO的期望为53.5%,说明新疆人工绿洲的开发还有一定的潜在空间,但须与天然绿洲协调、谨慎的发展。Natural oasis are a key factor of the oasis system and understanding them is very important for developing a persistent artificial oasis environment.The distribution proportion between natural and artificial oasis is quantified as the percentage artificial oasis in the total （PAO）.Based on data of oasis landscape observed in Xinjiang Autonomous Region,China,the distribution of PAO was analyzed using fractal theory.1） The distribution of PAO showed fractal characteristics,and the fractal dimension of PAO increased with the development of the oasis system,so the fractal dimension of PAO can be regarded as a dynamic parameter of oasis evolution.2） A function between fractal dimension and expectation of PAO was established,and the area of expectation of PAO was 0-85.02%,and the area of fractal dimension of PAO was 0-1.708.That is,natural oasis should occupy at least 15% in a oasis system.3） Fractal dimension and expectation of PAO of an oasis system in Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China were 0.537 and 53.5% respectively,suggesting that artificial oasis in this region should develop to a certain extent.However,this development should harmonize with the development of natural oasis.

关 键 词：绿洲景观 分布比例(PAO) 分形维数 期望 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]